NSG 120||NSG120 FINAL EXAM
QUESTION WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
A+ GRADED
Pathogenesis (CORRECT ANSWER) The development of the disease or
the sequence of events involved in the tissue changes related to the
specific disease process.
Onset (CORRECT ANSWER)sudden OR acute- An acute disease
indicates a short-term illness that develops quickly with marked signs
such as high fever or severe pain—for example, acute appendicitis; onset
may be insidious, best described as a gradual progression with only
vague or very mild signs.
Chronic (CORRECT ANSWER)often a milder condition developing
gradually, such as rheumatoid arthritis, but it persists for a long time and
usually causes more permanent tissue damage. Often a chronic disease is
marked by intermittent acute episodes.
Subclinical (stage/phase) (CORRECT ANSWER)in which pathologic
changes occur but the patient exhibits no obvious manifestations,
perhaps because of the great reserve capacity of some organs.
Latent stage (CORRECT ANSWER)"silent" stage, in which no clinical
signs are evident, characterizes some diseases. In infectious diseases this
stage may be referred to as the incubation period, which is the time
,between exposure to the microorganism and the onset of signs or
symptoms; it may last for a day or so or may be prolonged, perhaps for
days or weeks.
Disease transmission of an insect bite (CORRECT ANSWER)The
injury occurs when the insect either bites or stings the patient. Venom is
injected into the tissue, resulting in the body's response to a foreign
protein.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/Tick Bite disease transmission
(CORRECT ANSWER)The causative agent, Rickettsia rickettsii, is
transmitted by the wood tick and is carried in the feces of infected ticks.
It is introduced into the bloodstream of a person during a prolonged tick
bite.
Symptoms of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (CORRECT
ANSWER)Class triad: headache, fever, maculopapular rash (bumps and
petechial rash)
high fever
Malaria/Mosquito bite disease transmission (CORRECT
ANSWER)Malaria is caused by four species of the protozoan genus
Plasmodium, which is transmitted from infected human to human by the
bite of mosquito vectors or, less commonly, by blood transfusion or IV
drug use.
Disease transmission of animal/human bites (CORRECT
ANSWER)The bite occurs when the offending animal is agitated,
,frightened, threatened, or angry. Bites can be from domestic animals,
such as cats and dogs; farm animals; or wild animals, such as skunks,
bats, raccoons, and foxes. Human bites have been recorded.
The pattern of the teeth marks is helpful in determining the type of bite,
human or animal, and the type of animal that did the biting if not
immediately known.
Snake bite disease transmission (CORRECT ANSWER)Four kinds of
poisonous snakes are known to inhabit the United States: rattlesnakes,
copperheads, water moccasins, and coral snakes.
Some bites are the work of nonpoisonous snakes, but all snakebites
should be treated as poisonous by the first aid provider.
Cardinal Signs of Inflammation (CORRECT ANSWER)The cardinal
signs of inflammation are redness (rubor or erythema), heat, swelling,
and pain; sometimes loss of function
Diangostic blood changes that may indicate inflammation? (CORRECT
ANSWER)*Leukocytosis (increased WBC)
*Differential count of WBC
*plasma protein (increased prothrombin and fibrinogen)
*CRP (appears with acute inflammation and necrosis)
*increased ESR
*cell enzymes present (may indicate necrosis)
, Treatment of inflammation (CORRECT ANSWER)*Drugs - Aspirin,
NSAIDS, etc.
*RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)
*Compression stockings
*Moderate exercise
Opportunistic infection (CORRECT ANSWER)Microbes that are not
usually pathogenic but can become pathogenic when transferred into
another location of the body, if the balance of the species is not
maintained, or if the body's defense is impaired.
Stages of Pressure Ulcers (CORRECT ANSWER)Stage I: Intact skin
with non-blanchable redness of a localized area usually over a bony
prominence. Darkly pigmented skin may not have visible blanching; its
color may differ from the surrounding area.
Stage II: Partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open
ulcer with a red pink wound bed, without slough. May also present as an
intact or open/ ruptured serum-filled blister.
Stage III: Full thickness tissue loss. Subcutaneous fat may be visible but
bone, tendon or muscle are not exposed. Slough may be present but does
not obscure the depth of tissue loss. May include undermining and
tunneling.
QUESTION WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
A+ GRADED
Pathogenesis (CORRECT ANSWER) The development of the disease or
the sequence of events involved in the tissue changes related to the
specific disease process.
Onset (CORRECT ANSWER)sudden OR acute- An acute disease
indicates a short-term illness that develops quickly with marked signs
such as high fever or severe pain—for example, acute appendicitis; onset
may be insidious, best described as a gradual progression with only
vague or very mild signs.
Chronic (CORRECT ANSWER)often a milder condition developing
gradually, such as rheumatoid arthritis, but it persists for a long time and
usually causes more permanent tissue damage. Often a chronic disease is
marked by intermittent acute episodes.
Subclinical (stage/phase) (CORRECT ANSWER)in which pathologic
changes occur but the patient exhibits no obvious manifestations,
perhaps because of the great reserve capacity of some organs.
Latent stage (CORRECT ANSWER)"silent" stage, in which no clinical
signs are evident, characterizes some diseases. In infectious diseases this
stage may be referred to as the incubation period, which is the time
,between exposure to the microorganism and the onset of signs or
symptoms; it may last for a day or so or may be prolonged, perhaps for
days or weeks.
Disease transmission of an insect bite (CORRECT ANSWER)The
injury occurs when the insect either bites or stings the patient. Venom is
injected into the tissue, resulting in the body's response to a foreign
protein.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/Tick Bite disease transmission
(CORRECT ANSWER)The causative agent, Rickettsia rickettsii, is
transmitted by the wood tick and is carried in the feces of infected ticks.
It is introduced into the bloodstream of a person during a prolonged tick
bite.
Symptoms of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (CORRECT
ANSWER)Class triad: headache, fever, maculopapular rash (bumps and
petechial rash)
high fever
Malaria/Mosquito bite disease transmission (CORRECT
ANSWER)Malaria is caused by four species of the protozoan genus
Plasmodium, which is transmitted from infected human to human by the
bite of mosquito vectors or, less commonly, by blood transfusion or IV
drug use.
Disease transmission of animal/human bites (CORRECT
ANSWER)The bite occurs when the offending animal is agitated,
,frightened, threatened, or angry. Bites can be from domestic animals,
such as cats and dogs; farm animals; or wild animals, such as skunks,
bats, raccoons, and foxes. Human bites have been recorded.
The pattern of the teeth marks is helpful in determining the type of bite,
human or animal, and the type of animal that did the biting if not
immediately known.
Snake bite disease transmission (CORRECT ANSWER)Four kinds of
poisonous snakes are known to inhabit the United States: rattlesnakes,
copperheads, water moccasins, and coral snakes.
Some bites are the work of nonpoisonous snakes, but all snakebites
should be treated as poisonous by the first aid provider.
Cardinal Signs of Inflammation (CORRECT ANSWER)The cardinal
signs of inflammation are redness (rubor or erythema), heat, swelling,
and pain; sometimes loss of function
Diangostic blood changes that may indicate inflammation? (CORRECT
ANSWER)*Leukocytosis (increased WBC)
*Differential count of WBC
*plasma protein (increased prothrombin and fibrinogen)
*CRP (appears with acute inflammation and necrosis)
*increased ESR
*cell enzymes present (may indicate necrosis)
, Treatment of inflammation (CORRECT ANSWER)*Drugs - Aspirin,
NSAIDS, etc.
*RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)
*Compression stockings
*Moderate exercise
Opportunistic infection (CORRECT ANSWER)Microbes that are not
usually pathogenic but can become pathogenic when transferred into
another location of the body, if the balance of the species is not
maintained, or if the body's defense is impaired.
Stages of Pressure Ulcers (CORRECT ANSWER)Stage I: Intact skin
with non-blanchable redness of a localized area usually over a bony
prominence. Darkly pigmented skin may not have visible blanching; its
color may differ from the surrounding area.
Stage II: Partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open
ulcer with a red pink wound bed, without slough. May also present as an
intact or open/ ruptured serum-filled blister.
Stage III: Full thickness tissue loss. Subcutaneous fat may be visible but
bone, tendon or muscle are not exposed. Slough may be present but does
not obscure the depth of tissue loss. May include undermining and
tunneling.
