Straighterline Microbiology Chapters 1-6

2 examples that can be selective and differential media - answer-MacConkey Agar Mannitol Salt Agar 2 types of protists - answer-algae and protozoa Algae - answer-Plantlike protists -are not considered plants because lack most plant structures (roots, leaves, stems) they are motile -can be single or multicellular ex. plankton or seaweed -can get sick if you ingest an algal bloom Amino acid composition - answer-nitrogen, carbon, carboxyl, hydrogen and VARIABLE R-group Amphitrichous - answer-flagella at both poles of the cell Appendages of bacteria - answer-flagella, fimbriae, and conjugation pili Archaea - answer--Unicellular prokaryotes -cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan Archaea live where? - answer-Extreme environments Assay media - answer-used to test the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs atomic force microscope - answer-can produce images of individual atoms on a surface using diamond or metal tip ATP components - answer-Adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate groups Atypical bacteria - answer-Chlamydia Mycoplasma Legionella Bacillus - answer-rod shaped bacteria Bacteria - answer--prokaryotes -cell wall of peptidoglycan Bacteria's capsule function - answer--protect a bacterial cell from ingestion and destruction -attach to surfaces -prevent dehydration Bacteriophage - answer-A virus that infects bacteria Bacteriophage life cycle - answer-lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology - answer-Provides identification schemes for identifying bacteria and archaea ***Used by microbiologists and in labs Bergey's Manuel of Systematic Bacteriology - answer-Comprehensive taxonomic resource, yes phenotypes and rRNA sequences to compare bacteria and archaea Binomial system - answer-genus + species (genus can be abbreviated and capitalized if already stated). Can be italicized or underlined. Bioremediation - answer-The use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems bright field microscopy - answer-generates a dark image of an object over a *light background Capsid - answer-Outer protein coat of a virus Capsomeres - answer-protein subunits that make up capsids Carbohydrate components - answer-Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen Chemotaxis - answer-Cell movement that occurs in response to chemical stimulus Cilia - answer- coccus (cocci) - answer-spherical shaped bacteria Complex media - answer-Contain some ingredients of unknown composition and/or concentration Ex. Blood, yeast extract, serum, MacConkey agar Complex media - answer-Contain some ingredients of unknown composition and/or concentration ex. yeasts, blood, serum -for fastidious organisms confocal microscopy - answer-a light microscope that uses fluorescent stains and laser to make two- and three-dimensional images Conidospores or Conidia - answer-free spores not enclosed by a spore-bearing sac Covalent bond - answer-Share electrons Cytopathic effects - answer-virus-induced damage to the cell that alters its microscopic appearance cytoplasmic membrane - answer-A phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins that surrounds the cytoplasm and defines the boundary of the cell Cytoskeleton - answer-network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement dark field microscopy - answer-generates a brightly illuminated image on a *dark background Deductive Reasoning - answer-General to specific reasoning Ex. If all days are 24 hours, then today also must be 24 hours Defined media (synthetic media) - answer--Exact chemical composition, and amount of each component known -NO animal products. ONLY chemicals Dehydration synthesis - answer-two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule Dif