BIO 150 Exam 4 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION (23 PGS)
Disease - correct answer ✔Defects in our body that cause noticeable
signs/symptoms
Pathology - correct answer ✔The study of scientific disease
What is pathology primarily concerned with? - correct answer ✔etiology
(cause of disease) then w/ pathogenesis (manner in which a disease
develops/spreads)
What are diseases caused by? - correct answer ✔
What are Symbiotic Relationships? - correct answer ✔Close, intimate
interaction b/w 2 species
What are the 3 subtypes of Symbiotic Relationships? - correct answer ✔
Mutualism: Ruminants - correct answer ✔
Mutualism: Gut Flora - correct answer ✔
What are probiotics? Example? - correct answer ✔Live microbial cultures
applied or ingested intended to have a beneficial effect
Example: Yogurt
,What is microbial antagonism? - correct answer ✔Existing normal microflora
prevents a disease causing microbe from causing disease by competing with
it for vital resources in your body
What is another name for microbial antagonism? - correct answer
✔competitive exclusion
Less than ___% of known bacterial species cause disease - correct answer
✔1%
Relationships can change between organisms. Expand. Examples? - correct
answer ✔
Colonization - correct answer ✔persistence of a microbe in a specific site
within the host body
Infection - correct answer ✔colonization of the host body by a pathogen.
Pathogen - correct answer ✔a microorganism/agent able to cause
disease
Pathogenicity or virulence - correct answer ✔how a pathogen causes
disease
Virulence factors - correct answer ✔bacterial properties that contribute to
pathogenicity
Koch's Postulates: What did they determine? What are they? - correct answer
✔
, What are the problems associated with Koch's Postulates? - correct answer
✔
What is an infective dose? (IV50) - correct answer ✔Number of bacteria that
results in infections in 50% of hosts.
What is a lethal dose? (LD50) - correct answer ✔Number of bacteria that
results in lethality in 50% of hosts
General Disease Cycle - correct answer ✔
Before pathogens can cause disease, what must they do? - correct answer
✔
Innate defense is not _______________, always present against
_____________ pathogens. It is a ____________ response. - correct answer
✔Innate defense is not *targeted*, always present against *non-specific*
pathogens. It is a *generic* response.
2 Branches of Innate Immunity - correct answer ✔
Innate Immunity: Anatomic Barriers - correct answer ✔
Innate Immunity: Chemical Inhibitors - correct answer ✔
Innate Immunity: Physiological Barriers - correct answer ✔
COMPLETE SOLUTION (23 PGS)
Disease - correct answer ✔Defects in our body that cause noticeable
signs/symptoms
Pathology - correct answer ✔The study of scientific disease
What is pathology primarily concerned with? - correct answer ✔etiology
(cause of disease) then w/ pathogenesis (manner in which a disease
develops/spreads)
What are diseases caused by? - correct answer ✔
What are Symbiotic Relationships? - correct answer ✔Close, intimate
interaction b/w 2 species
What are the 3 subtypes of Symbiotic Relationships? - correct answer ✔
Mutualism: Ruminants - correct answer ✔
Mutualism: Gut Flora - correct answer ✔
What are probiotics? Example? - correct answer ✔Live microbial cultures
applied or ingested intended to have a beneficial effect
Example: Yogurt
,What is microbial antagonism? - correct answer ✔Existing normal microflora
prevents a disease causing microbe from causing disease by competing with
it for vital resources in your body
What is another name for microbial antagonism? - correct answer
✔competitive exclusion
Less than ___% of known bacterial species cause disease - correct answer
✔1%
Relationships can change between organisms. Expand. Examples? - correct
answer ✔
Colonization - correct answer ✔persistence of a microbe in a specific site
within the host body
Infection - correct answer ✔colonization of the host body by a pathogen.
Pathogen - correct answer ✔a microorganism/agent able to cause
disease
Pathogenicity or virulence - correct answer ✔how a pathogen causes
disease
Virulence factors - correct answer ✔bacterial properties that contribute to
pathogenicity
Koch's Postulates: What did they determine? What are they? - correct answer
✔
, What are the problems associated with Koch's Postulates? - correct answer
✔
What is an infective dose? (IV50) - correct answer ✔Number of bacteria that
results in infections in 50% of hosts.
What is a lethal dose? (LD50) - correct answer ✔Number of bacteria that
results in lethality in 50% of hosts
General Disease Cycle - correct answer ✔
Before pathogens can cause disease, what must they do? - correct answer
✔
Innate defense is not _______________, always present against
_____________ pathogens. It is a ____________ response. - correct answer
✔Innate defense is not *targeted*, always present against *non-specific*
pathogens. It is a *generic* response.
2 Branches of Innate Immunity - correct answer ✔
Innate Immunity: Anatomic Barriers - correct answer ✔
Innate Immunity: Chemical Inhibitors - correct answer ✔
Innate Immunity: Physiological Barriers - correct answer ✔
