The Brain
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1. amygdala Structure in the limbic system involved in the rapid reten-
tion of important events, our experience of emotion, and
tying emotional meaning to our memories
2. anterior Toward the front or rostral position in the brain; an anatom-
ical direction
3. aphasia Loss of speech and language abilities from brain damage
4. auditory cortex Strip of cortex in the temporal lobe that is responsible for
processing auditory information
5. autonomic ner- Controls our internal organs and glands; the "uncon-
vous system scious" part of the peripheral nervous system
6. axial A slice orientation that is parallel to the ground; separates
superior from inferior
7. basal ganglia A group of subcortical nuclei involved in intentional move-
ment
8. brain stem Connects the brain to the spinal cord; involved in regulat-
ing breathing and heartbeat
9. Broca's area Region in the left hemisphere that is essential for language
production
10. caudal A term for the back or posterior of the brain; Latin for "tail"
11. central nervous Lies in the core of the body; made up of the brain and
system (CNS) spinal cord; the control center of the nervous system
12. central sulcus The main sulcus in the middle of the brain
13. cerebellum Hindbrain structure that controls our balance, coordina-
tion, movement, and motor skills; is thought to be impor-
tant in processing some types of memory; Latin for "little
brain"
14. cerebral cortex
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, The Brain
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The outer surface of the brain; associated with higher-lev-
el processes, such as consciousness, thought, emotion,
reasoning, language, and memory
15. cerebrum Large portion of the brain containing the two cerebral
hemispheres; regulates conscious brain functions
16. contralateraliza- Lateralization between the brain and body in which each
tion half of the brain corresponds to the opposite half of the
body (e.g., the right side of the brain corresponds with the
left side of the body)
17. coronal A slice orientation that is parallel to the long axis of the
body (i.e., a "crown" slice orientation); separates anterior
from posterior
18. corpus callosum Thick band of neural fibers connecting the brain's two
hemispheres
19. dorsal A term for the top or superior position; Latin for "back"
20. forebrain The largest part of the brain, containing the cerebral cor-
tex, the thalamus, and the limbic system, among other
structures
21. frontal lobe Part of the cerebral cortex involved in reasoning, motor
control, emotion, and language; contains the motor cortex
22. fusiform gyrus Part of the brain that specializes in processing human
faces
23. gyri Bumps or ridges on the cerebral cortex
24. hemispatial ne- The involuntary ignoring or forgetting of the contralateral
glect half of one's visual world
25. hemisphere Left or right half of the brain
26. hindbrain Contains the medulla, pons, and cerebellum
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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6xajj0
1. amygdala Structure in the limbic system involved in the rapid reten-
tion of important events, our experience of emotion, and
tying emotional meaning to our memories
2. anterior Toward the front or rostral position in the brain; an anatom-
ical direction
3. aphasia Loss of speech and language abilities from brain damage
4. auditory cortex Strip of cortex in the temporal lobe that is responsible for
processing auditory information
5. autonomic ner- Controls our internal organs and glands; the "uncon-
vous system scious" part of the peripheral nervous system
6. axial A slice orientation that is parallel to the ground; separates
superior from inferior
7. basal ganglia A group of subcortical nuclei involved in intentional move-
ment
8. brain stem Connects the brain to the spinal cord; involved in regulat-
ing breathing and heartbeat
9. Broca's area Region in the left hemisphere that is essential for language
production
10. caudal A term for the back or posterior of the brain; Latin for "tail"
11. central nervous Lies in the core of the body; made up of the brain and
system (CNS) spinal cord; the control center of the nervous system
12. central sulcus The main sulcus in the middle of the brain
13. cerebellum Hindbrain structure that controls our balance, coordina-
tion, movement, and motor skills; is thought to be impor-
tant in processing some types of memory; Latin for "little
brain"
14. cerebral cortex
1/6
, The Brain
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6xajj0
The outer surface of the brain; associated with higher-lev-
el processes, such as consciousness, thought, emotion,
reasoning, language, and memory
15. cerebrum Large portion of the brain containing the two cerebral
hemispheres; regulates conscious brain functions
16. contralateraliza- Lateralization between the brain and body in which each
tion half of the brain corresponds to the opposite half of the
body (e.g., the right side of the brain corresponds with the
left side of the body)
17. coronal A slice orientation that is parallel to the long axis of the
body (i.e., a "crown" slice orientation); separates anterior
from posterior
18. corpus callosum Thick band of neural fibers connecting the brain's two
hemispheres
19. dorsal A term for the top or superior position; Latin for "back"
20. forebrain The largest part of the brain, containing the cerebral cor-
tex, the thalamus, and the limbic system, among other
structures
21. frontal lobe Part of the cerebral cortex involved in reasoning, motor
control, emotion, and language; contains the motor cortex
22. fusiform gyrus Part of the brain that specializes in processing human
faces
23. gyri Bumps or ridges on the cerebral cortex
24. hemispatial ne- The involuntary ignoring or forgetting of the contralateral
glect half of one's visual world
25. hemisphere Left or right half of the brain
26. hindbrain Contains the medulla, pons, and cerebellum
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