Test Bank - Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition (Abbas, 2022), Chapter 1-21 | All Chapters

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Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10thEdition
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Test Bankn




Chapter 2: Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
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Matching
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Questions 1-5 n



Match each of the descriptions in questions 1-5 with the appropriate name (A-M) of an anatomic
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feature of lymphoid tissues.
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A. Periarteriolar lymphoid sheath n n



B. Thymic medulla n



C. Thymic cortex n



D. Parafollicular cortex of lymph node n n n n



E. Hematopoietic bone marrow n n



F. Afferent lymphatic n



G. Efferent lymphatic n



H. Marginal zone n



I. Red pulp of spleen n n n



J. White pulp of spleen n n n



K. Epidermis
L. Dermis
M. Peyer’s patch n




1. Location of most T lymphocytes in the spleen n n n n n n n




ANS: A. The periarteriolar lymphoid sheath surrounds the central arteries in the spleen and is theT
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cell zone in this organ.
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2. Vessels that drain lymph away from a lymph node
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ANS: G. Efferent lymphatic vessels drain lymph away from lymph nodes; afferent vessels drain
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lymph into lymph nodes.
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3. Site of least mature T cell precursors in the thymus
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ANS: C. Bone marrow–derived T cell precursors first enter the thymic cortex and migrate
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intothe medulla as they become more mature.
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4. Location of Langerhans cells n n n




ANS: K. Langerhans cells are dendritic cells in the epidermis of the skin that develop from fetal
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macrophages.
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5. Lymphoid aggregate of the mucosal immune system n n n n n n




ANS: M. Peyer’s patches are B cell–rich lymphoid aggregates located in the submucosa of the
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small intestine.
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Multiple Choice n




6. Which of the following is the generative (primary) lymphoid organ for T lymphocytes?
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A. Bone marrow n



B. Spleen
C. Lymph node n



D. Thymus
E. Tonsil


ANS: D. Generative (primary) lymphoid organs are the organs where lymphocytes first express
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antigen receptors and attain functional maturity. Although T cell precursors arise in the bone
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marrow, these precursors migrate to the thymus, where maturation takes place. In contrast, B cells
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mature in the bone marrow. Spleen, lymph node, and tonsil are secondary lymphoid organs
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populated by mature B and T cells.
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7. Which of the following statements about tissue-resident macrophages is correct?
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A. They are all derived from blood monocytes that enter tissues during infections
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B. Many of these cells first populate tissues during fetal development
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C. They differentiate from different kinds of epithelial cells in each tissue
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D. They constantly recirculate between different tissuesn n n n n



E. They are professional antigen-presenting cells that activate naive T cells that migrate into
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tissues
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ANS: B. Many tissue-resident macrophages are derived from fetal yolk sac and fetal liver
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precursors and establish residence in the different tissues during fetal development. Other tissue-
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resident macrophages are derived from bone marrow–derived blood monocytes that enter tissues
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under normal conditions or during infections. Epithelial cells do not differentiate into
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macrophages. Once in the tissue, tissue-resident macrophages cells do not leave to recirculate.
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Naive T cells do not usually enter non-lymphoid tissues, and tissue-resident macrophages have
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no role in presenting antigen to naive T cells.
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8. Which type of leukocyte is the most abundant in the blood of a healthy adult?
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A. Monocytes
B. B lymphocytes n



C. T lymphocytes n



D. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes n



E. Basophils




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ANS: D. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (or neutrophils) are the most abundant blood leukocyte (~
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4,000/mm3), about twice the number of B and T lymphocytes combined.
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9. Which of the following is a feature of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs)?
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A. They line the lumens of lymphatics entering lymph nodes
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B. They are derived from hematopoietic precursors n n n n n



C. They play a critical role in establishing where lymphocytes are located in lymph nodes
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D. They secrete cytokines that stimulate T cell proliferation
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E. They are phagocytic cells of innate immunity that kill microbes
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ANS: C. FRCs are mesenchymal-derived (not haematopoietically-derived) cells with properties of
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muscle and fibroblast (myofibroblasts) that drive formation of secondary lymphoid organs during
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embryonic development and contribute to the anatomic segregation and movement of lymphocytes
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and dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid organs. They are not phagocytic, have no direct
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antimicrobial effector functions, do not secrete IL-2 or other T cell growth factors, and do not line
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lumens of lymphatics.
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10. Which type of cell is most important in capturing protein antigens of microbes that
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nenterthrough epithelial barriers and presenting them to naive T cells in secondary lymphoid
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organs?
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A. Classical dendritic cells n n



B. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells n n



C. Plasma cells n



D. Macrophages
E. Follicular dendritic cells n n




ANS: A. Classical (or conventional) dendritic cells (DCs) are the main cell type that brings
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microbial antigens from infected tissues into draining lymph nodes and presents peptides derived
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from these antigens to naive T cells that circulate though the lymph nodes. Plasmacytoid DCs
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secrete type 1 interferons in response to viral infection. Plasma cells are antibody-secreting cells
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derived from B cells and do not present antigen to T cells. Macrophages can present antigen to
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effector T cells, but they are not efficient activators of naive T cells. Follicular dendritic cells
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display antigens to B cells on lymphoid follicles.
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