1
Chapter 1
Empirically supported treatments: studied using at least 2
randomized controlled trials of 2 different research groups
Chapter 2
Main reasons for not using CBT
- Lack of training
- Negative beliefs regarding CBT
- Thinking there is a more effective alternative
- Institutional barriers: only available for
students/employees, small incentive
- Patient barriers: no time, different goal than symptom
reduction, preference for non-distressing treatment, no
motivation
- Research barriers: lack of effectiveness and knowledge
on training therapists
Chapter 3
Effective in treatment of specific phobia
- Exposure: most effective in vivo
- Psychological responses decline and stabilize
- Restructures cognitive biases
- Psychoeducation
- Cognitive restructuring
- Modelling
- Praise and reward
Treatment appraisal and applications
- Recognize comorbidity
- Cultural factors: stigma, cultural-accepted fears, social
factors
- Exposure might worsen symptoms if executed poorly
- Flexibility of therapist: increasing client motivation,
rewarding
Chapter 4
CBT
Psychoeducation, exposure, cognitive techniques, acceptance,
relaxation and breathing techniques
Treatment sessions
- Functional analyses of behavioural, cognitive and
emotional responses + psychoeducation
- Behavioural principles: breathing techniques
- Interoceptive exposure + exposure in vivo
- Relapse prevention plan
Explanation relapse of fear and panic symptoms
- Spontaneous recovery
- Renewal: return in a changed setting
, 2
- Reinstatement: adverse life-event in previously avoided
situation
- Rapid reacquisition
Principles which might help preventing fear or panic
reactions to return
- Variability in lieu of habituation: exposures varying
in nature
- Deepened extinction: simultaneous exposure of 2 feared
stimuli
- Removal of safety signals
- Expectancy violation
- Affect labelling: making the patient mention an emotion
and situation
- Retrieval cues
- D-cycloserine: quicker response to exposure therapy
Chapter 5
Empirically supported treatment components – social anxiety
CBT: psychoeducation, exposure, cognitive restructuring, social
skills training, group/individual training, internet-based
therapy, pharmacotherapy
Treatment sessions
- Explanation CBT-model + psychoeducation
- Identify thoughts, explanations, consequences
Boosting treatment effectiveness by taking away these
factors
- Social mishap exposure: making patients mess up a
social situation
- Eliminating safety behaviours
- Attention retraining
- Concrete exposure-feedback: changes negative self-
perception
Chapter 6
Empirically supported treatment components – obsessions &
compulsions
- Exposure therapy
- Situational exposure: confronts with situations in
real life
- Imaginal exposure: confrontations with obsessional
thoughts
- Response prevention
- Cognitive techniques: Socratic dialogue, presentation of
educational material
- ACT: enhancing inhibitory learning
Treatment sessions
- Assessment of obsessional stimuli + content of
obsessional thought + feared consequences
Chapter 1
Empirically supported treatments: studied using at least 2
randomized controlled trials of 2 different research groups
Chapter 2
Main reasons for not using CBT
- Lack of training
- Negative beliefs regarding CBT
- Thinking there is a more effective alternative
- Institutional barriers: only available for
students/employees, small incentive
- Patient barriers: no time, different goal than symptom
reduction, preference for non-distressing treatment, no
motivation
- Research barriers: lack of effectiveness and knowledge
on training therapists
Chapter 3
Effective in treatment of specific phobia
- Exposure: most effective in vivo
- Psychological responses decline and stabilize
- Restructures cognitive biases
- Psychoeducation
- Cognitive restructuring
- Modelling
- Praise and reward
Treatment appraisal and applications
- Recognize comorbidity
- Cultural factors: stigma, cultural-accepted fears, social
factors
- Exposure might worsen symptoms if executed poorly
- Flexibility of therapist: increasing client motivation,
rewarding
Chapter 4
CBT
Psychoeducation, exposure, cognitive techniques, acceptance,
relaxation and breathing techniques
Treatment sessions
- Functional analyses of behavioural, cognitive and
emotional responses + psychoeducation
- Behavioural principles: breathing techniques
- Interoceptive exposure + exposure in vivo
- Relapse prevention plan
Explanation relapse of fear and panic symptoms
- Spontaneous recovery
- Renewal: return in a changed setting
, 2
- Reinstatement: adverse life-event in previously avoided
situation
- Rapid reacquisition
Principles which might help preventing fear or panic
reactions to return
- Variability in lieu of habituation: exposures varying
in nature
- Deepened extinction: simultaneous exposure of 2 feared
stimuli
- Removal of safety signals
- Expectancy violation
- Affect labelling: making the patient mention an emotion
and situation
- Retrieval cues
- D-cycloserine: quicker response to exposure therapy
Chapter 5
Empirically supported treatment components – social anxiety
CBT: psychoeducation, exposure, cognitive restructuring, social
skills training, group/individual training, internet-based
therapy, pharmacotherapy
Treatment sessions
- Explanation CBT-model + psychoeducation
- Identify thoughts, explanations, consequences
Boosting treatment effectiveness by taking away these
factors
- Social mishap exposure: making patients mess up a
social situation
- Eliminating safety behaviours
- Attention retraining
- Concrete exposure-feedback: changes negative self-
perception
Chapter 6
Empirically supported treatment components – obsessions &
compulsions
- Exposure therapy
- Situational exposure: confronts with situations in
real life
- Imaginal exposure: confrontations with obsessional
thoughts
- Response prevention
- Cognitive techniques: Socratic dialogue, presentation of
educational material
- ACT: enhancing inhibitory learning
Treatment sessions
- Assessment of obsessional stimuli + content of
obsessional thought + feared consequences
