BSNC 1000 MODULES 1-5 MIDTERM
What are the four subcomponents of population health? - Answers-epidemiology;
chronic disease management; illness and injury prevention; health promotion
what is population health? - Answers-Aims to improve health inequalities by examining
and acting upon a broad range of factors and conditions that determine health
define incidence - Answers-The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition
during a specific time.
- lack of social environment can lead to isolation and poor mental health which can
cause bad health behaviours
what are examples of physical environments that can impact health? - Answers-air
quality/pollution, water, food, housing, natural disasters (hurricanes, droughts, floods),
accessibility to human-built resources (playgrounds, workplaces, public transport)
how does personal health practices and coping skills impact health? - Answers-can
prevent diseases and enhance health
--> good self-care and coping mechanisms for stress
how can child development impact health? - Answers-lack of exposures and
experiences can prevent future diseases
--> no exposure to second hand smoking, emotional, social and educational needs are
met
how does our genetics and biology impact health? - Answers-can predispose us to
certain illnesses
--> sickle cell anemia
how does our access to health services impact our health? - Answers-accessible to all
for health maintenance, promotion, protection, disease prevention, and treatment if
population health is to be achieved.
Define prevalence - Answers-number of total cases of a disease in a given area during
a given period of time
Define morbidity - Answers-proportion of population with disease
Define mortality - Answers-the incidence of death in a population
what is the community perspective? - Answers-word of mouth; what is accessible;
media
,what is the healthcare perspective? - Answers-evidence and science based;
articles/peer reviewed journals; experience
Define disease - Answers-an abnormal state in which the body is not performing normal
functions
Define chronic disease - Answers-an ongoing condition or illness
how does social support impact health? - Answers-promotes both happiness and health;
poor social relationships can be an important risk factor for smoking and obesity
how does income and social status impact health? - Answers-level of income shapes
overall living conditions, affects psychological functioning and influences health-related
behaviours like quality of diet --> access to better resources
how does education and literacy impact health? - Answers-can lead to a better job,
higher income, greater health literacy and understanding the difference between
unhealthy and health behaviours
how do employment and working conditions impact health? - Answers-no job can lead
to higher rates of stress, mental health issues, and poverty --> lack of resources from
low income
how does the social environment impact health? - Answers-( support and resources
available in the community)
how does gender impact health? - Answers-indicates that some health problems and
health practices are gender specific
--> example, men are more likely than women to die prematurely from heart disease
how does culture impact health? - Answers-predispose some groups to certain
diseases; implications for access to care.
what is the epidemiological triad? - Answers-agent, host, environment
--> example
agent: common cold
host: you
environment: outside
What is the web of causation? - Answers-schematic of how agents work together to
cause disease
--> multiple contributors
what is primary prevention? - Answers-activities seek to prevent the occurrence of a
disease or injury
--> administering individual and mass immunizations
, -->organizing community vaccination programs for influenza --> educating a community
about the importance of handwashing to prevent the spread of infection.
what is secondary prevention? - Answers-seek to detect a disease early in its
progression; before clinical signs and symptoms become apparent, to make a diagnosis
and begin treatment
--> health screening programs to assess vision and hearing or to detect breast cancer,
cervical cancer, hypertension, and scoliosis.
what is tertiary prevention? - Answers-after the condition has occurred; the goals are to
interrupt the course of the disease, reduce the amount of disability that might occur, and
begin rehabilitation
--> cardiac rehabilitation at a local wellness center for groups of clients who have been
recently discharged from hospital following a cardiovascular event
what is involved in chronic disease management (CDM)? - Answers--> ongoing,
planned, and integrated approach within an easily navigated system
-> multidisciplinary approach
-> health promotion and disease prevention strategies
->Patients should also be responsible for their control of health
Define growth and development - Answers-Sequence of physical, psychosocial &
cognitive developmental changes that take place over the human lifespan
what are some growth and development risk factors in older adults? - Answers-genetics,
prenatal factors, family factors, determinants of health, health status, toxic stress
what are the three aggregates of the older population? - Answers-young-old: 65-74
middle-old: 75-84
old-old: 85+
what is the stochastic theory? - Answers-aging is based on random events that cause
cellular damage that accumulate as organism ages
What is the nonstochastic theory? - Answers-predetermined by age
--> grey hair, menopause
What is Erickson's psychosocial theory? - Answers-Humans develop in 8 different
stages
*8. Maturity (65-death)* - ego integrity vs. despair - reflection of life
what is the older adult stage in Erickson's theory? - Answers-reflect on their lives until
satisfaction or regret (integrity vs. despair) can be fixated on a certain stage in their life
that they felt wasn't completed
What are the four subcomponents of population health? - Answers-epidemiology;
chronic disease management; illness and injury prevention; health promotion
what is population health? - Answers-Aims to improve health inequalities by examining
and acting upon a broad range of factors and conditions that determine health
define incidence - Answers-The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition
during a specific time.
- lack of social environment can lead to isolation and poor mental health which can
cause bad health behaviours
what are examples of physical environments that can impact health? - Answers-air
quality/pollution, water, food, housing, natural disasters (hurricanes, droughts, floods),
accessibility to human-built resources (playgrounds, workplaces, public transport)
how does personal health practices and coping skills impact health? - Answers-can
prevent diseases and enhance health
--> good self-care and coping mechanisms for stress
how can child development impact health? - Answers-lack of exposures and
experiences can prevent future diseases
--> no exposure to second hand smoking, emotional, social and educational needs are
met
how does our genetics and biology impact health? - Answers-can predispose us to
certain illnesses
--> sickle cell anemia
how does our access to health services impact our health? - Answers-accessible to all
for health maintenance, promotion, protection, disease prevention, and treatment if
population health is to be achieved.
Define prevalence - Answers-number of total cases of a disease in a given area during
a given period of time
Define morbidity - Answers-proportion of population with disease
Define mortality - Answers-the incidence of death in a population
what is the community perspective? - Answers-word of mouth; what is accessible;
media
,what is the healthcare perspective? - Answers-evidence and science based;
articles/peer reviewed journals; experience
Define disease - Answers-an abnormal state in which the body is not performing normal
functions
Define chronic disease - Answers-an ongoing condition or illness
how does social support impact health? - Answers-promotes both happiness and health;
poor social relationships can be an important risk factor for smoking and obesity
how does income and social status impact health? - Answers-level of income shapes
overall living conditions, affects psychological functioning and influences health-related
behaviours like quality of diet --> access to better resources
how does education and literacy impact health? - Answers-can lead to a better job,
higher income, greater health literacy and understanding the difference between
unhealthy and health behaviours
how do employment and working conditions impact health? - Answers-no job can lead
to higher rates of stress, mental health issues, and poverty --> lack of resources from
low income
how does the social environment impact health? - Answers-( support and resources
available in the community)
how does gender impact health? - Answers-indicates that some health problems and
health practices are gender specific
--> example, men are more likely than women to die prematurely from heart disease
how does culture impact health? - Answers-predispose some groups to certain
diseases; implications for access to care.
what is the epidemiological triad? - Answers-agent, host, environment
--> example
agent: common cold
host: you
environment: outside
What is the web of causation? - Answers-schematic of how agents work together to
cause disease
--> multiple contributors
what is primary prevention? - Answers-activities seek to prevent the occurrence of a
disease or injury
--> administering individual and mass immunizations
, -->organizing community vaccination programs for influenza --> educating a community
about the importance of handwashing to prevent the spread of infection.
what is secondary prevention? - Answers-seek to detect a disease early in its
progression; before clinical signs and symptoms become apparent, to make a diagnosis
and begin treatment
--> health screening programs to assess vision and hearing or to detect breast cancer,
cervical cancer, hypertension, and scoliosis.
what is tertiary prevention? - Answers-after the condition has occurred; the goals are to
interrupt the course of the disease, reduce the amount of disability that might occur, and
begin rehabilitation
--> cardiac rehabilitation at a local wellness center for groups of clients who have been
recently discharged from hospital following a cardiovascular event
what is involved in chronic disease management (CDM)? - Answers--> ongoing,
planned, and integrated approach within an easily navigated system
-> multidisciplinary approach
-> health promotion and disease prevention strategies
->Patients should also be responsible for their control of health
Define growth and development - Answers-Sequence of physical, psychosocial &
cognitive developmental changes that take place over the human lifespan
what are some growth and development risk factors in older adults? - Answers-genetics,
prenatal factors, family factors, determinants of health, health status, toxic stress
what are the three aggregates of the older population? - Answers-young-old: 65-74
middle-old: 75-84
old-old: 85+
what is the stochastic theory? - Answers-aging is based on random events that cause
cellular damage that accumulate as organism ages
What is the nonstochastic theory? - Answers-predetermined by age
--> grey hair, menopause
What is Erickson's psychosocial theory? - Answers-Humans develop in 8 different
stages
*8. Maturity (65-death)* - ego integrity vs. despair - reflection of life
what is the older adult stage in Erickson's theory? - Answers-reflect on their lives until
satisfaction or regret (integrity vs. despair) can be fixated on a certain stage in their life
that they felt wasn't completed
