©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Bio 252 Final Exam Chamberlain LV
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Muscle Tissue Property: Electrical Excitability - Ans:✔✔-ions are charged molecules that have different
concentrations between a semipermeable membrane
Muscular Tissue Property: Contractility - Ans:✔✔-the ability to forcefully contract
Muscular Tissue Property: Extensibility - Ans:✔✔-the ability to stretch
Muscular Tissue Property: Elasticity - Ans:✔✔-the ability to return to your original shape
Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber - Ans:✔✔--each mature skeletal muscle fiber has 100+
nuclei
-once fusion has occurred the muscle fiber loses its ability to undergo cell division
-skeletal muscles are set before you are born and last a life time
Control of Muscle Tension: Sliding Filament Mechanism - Ans:✔✔--myosin pulls on actin, causing thin
filament to slide forward
-consequently, Z discs move toward each other and the sarcomere shortens
Page 1/27
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
-thanks to structural proteins, there is a transmission of force throughout the entire muscle
***Filaments do not change in length
Isotonic - Ans:✔✔-tension is constant while muscle length changes
-concentric=picking up book
-eccentric=lowering book
Isometric - Ans:✔✔-muscle contracts but does not change length
-holding a book out steady
actin - Ans:✔✔-During active muscle contraction, myosin heads bind to the protein _______________.
calcium - Ans:✔✔-________________ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and plays a key role in
active muscle contraction
Functions of Skeletal System - Ans:✔✔-1. facillitating movement
2. generating heat (thermogenesis)
3. Storing glycogen
4. maintaining body posture
How individual muscle fibers generate ATP - Ans:✔✔-1. glycolysis (anaerobic respiration)
Page 2/27
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
2. hydrolysis of creatine phosphate
3. krebs cycle/electron transport chain (aerobic respiration)
actin,myosin - Ans:✔✔-In a given muscle fiber, the thin filaments are known as _____________, and the
thick filaments are known as _____________.
Components of Skeletal Muscle (Lg to Sm) - Ans:✔✔-1. Skeletal Muscle
2. Fascicle
3. Muscle Fiber (cell)
4. Myofibrol
5. Filaments
Sarcolemma - Ans:✔✔-cell membrane of individual muscle cell
Origin - Ans:✔✔-the attachment to the stationary bone (bone that does not move) Proximal
Insertion - Ans:✔✔-the attachment to the movable bone (distal)
Fulcrum - Ans:✔✔-elbow joint
Effort - Ans:✔✔-amount of force
Page 3/27
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Bio 252 Final Exam Chamberlain LV
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Muscle Tissue Property: Electrical Excitability - Ans:✔✔-ions are charged molecules that have different
concentrations between a semipermeable membrane
Muscular Tissue Property: Contractility - Ans:✔✔-the ability to forcefully contract
Muscular Tissue Property: Extensibility - Ans:✔✔-the ability to stretch
Muscular Tissue Property: Elasticity - Ans:✔✔-the ability to return to your original shape
Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber - Ans:✔✔--each mature skeletal muscle fiber has 100+
nuclei
-once fusion has occurred the muscle fiber loses its ability to undergo cell division
-skeletal muscles are set before you are born and last a life time
Control of Muscle Tension: Sliding Filament Mechanism - Ans:✔✔--myosin pulls on actin, causing thin
filament to slide forward
-consequently, Z discs move toward each other and the sarcomere shortens
Page 1/27
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
-thanks to structural proteins, there is a transmission of force throughout the entire muscle
***Filaments do not change in length
Isotonic - Ans:✔✔-tension is constant while muscle length changes
-concentric=picking up book
-eccentric=lowering book
Isometric - Ans:✔✔-muscle contracts but does not change length
-holding a book out steady
actin - Ans:✔✔-During active muscle contraction, myosin heads bind to the protein _______________.
calcium - Ans:✔✔-________________ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and plays a key role in
active muscle contraction
Functions of Skeletal System - Ans:✔✔-1. facillitating movement
2. generating heat (thermogenesis)
3. Storing glycogen
4. maintaining body posture
How individual muscle fibers generate ATP - Ans:✔✔-1. glycolysis (anaerobic respiration)
Page 2/27
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
2. hydrolysis of creatine phosphate
3. krebs cycle/electron transport chain (aerobic respiration)
actin,myosin - Ans:✔✔-In a given muscle fiber, the thin filaments are known as _____________, and the
thick filaments are known as _____________.
Components of Skeletal Muscle (Lg to Sm) - Ans:✔✔-1. Skeletal Muscle
2. Fascicle
3. Muscle Fiber (cell)
4. Myofibrol
5. Filaments
Sarcolemma - Ans:✔✔-cell membrane of individual muscle cell
Origin - Ans:✔✔-the attachment to the stationary bone (bone that does not move) Proximal
Insertion - Ans:✔✔-the attachment to the movable bone (distal)
Fulcrum - Ans:✔✔-elbow joint
Effort - Ans:✔✔-amount of force
Page 3/27
