Recombinant DNA Technology Exam SolutionsvManual Already Passed
The Role of RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY in Biotechnology - Answers Intentional modification of
organisms' genomes for practical purposes
What are the Three Goals of Recombinant DNA Technology? - Answers Eliminate undesirable
phenotypic traits
Combine beneficial traits of two or more organisms
Create organisms that synthesize products humans need
Recombinant DNA Technology Overview on Bacterial Cell - Answers 1. Isolate Plasmid
2. Enzymatically cleave DNA into fragments
3. Isolate fragment with the gene of interest
4. Insert gene into plasmid
5. Insert plasmid and gene into bacterium
6. Culture bacteria
What are the Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology? - Answers Mutagens
Use of Reverse Transcriptase to Synthesize cDNA
Synthetic Nucleic Acids
Restriction Enzymes
Vectors
Gene Libraries
What are Mutagens? - Answers Physical and chemiccal agents that produce mutations
How do scientists utilize Mutagens? - Answers 1. Created changes in microbes' genomes to change
phenotypesx
2. Select for and culture cells with beneficial characteristics
Can Mutated Genes be isolated? - Answers Yes
What is cDNA? - Answers Complementary DNA
DNA synthesized from an mRNA template using reverse transcriptase
, What is Reverse Transcriptase? - Answers Complex enzyme that allows retroviruses to make dsDNA
from RNA templates
When is Reverse Transcriptase Used? - Answers in Recombinant DNA Technology to make cDNA
What is isolated to make cDNA in Reverse Transcriptase? - Answers retroviruses
What is used to transcribe molecule of cDNA in Reverse Transcriptase? - Answers RNA template
Why is isolating mRNA molecule used for desired protein first? - Answers Easier
Why are introns of mRNA eukaryotes removed? - Answers It allows cloning in prokaryotic cells
What are synthetic nucleic acids? - Answers Molecules of DNA and RNA produced in cell-free solutions
What are the uses of synthetic nucleic acids? - Answers 1. Elucidating the genetic code
2. Creating genes for specific proteins
3. Synthesizing DNA and RNA probes to locate specific
sequences of nucleotides
4. Synthesizing antisense nucleic acid molecules
STR? - Answers short tandem repeats (segments of DNA)
What are RESTRICTION ENZYMES? - Answers Bacterial enzymes that cut DNA molecules only at
restriction sites
What are the two categories of restriction enzymes? What are they based on? - Answers Based on Type
of Cut
1. Cuts with sticky ends
2. Cuts with blunt ends
What are Vectors? - Answers Nucleic acid molecules that deliver a gene into a cell
What are useful properties of vectors? - Answers -Small enough to manipulate in lab
-Survive inside cells
-Contain recognizable genetic marker
-Ensure genetic expression of gene
Types of Vectors? - Answers Viral Genomes
Transposons
The Role of RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY in Biotechnology - Answers Intentional modification of
organisms' genomes for practical purposes
What are the Three Goals of Recombinant DNA Technology? - Answers Eliminate undesirable
phenotypic traits
Combine beneficial traits of two or more organisms
Create organisms that synthesize products humans need
Recombinant DNA Technology Overview on Bacterial Cell - Answers 1. Isolate Plasmid
2. Enzymatically cleave DNA into fragments
3. Isolate fragment with the gene of interest
4. Insert gene into plasmid
5. Insert plasmid and gene into bacterium
6. Culture bacteria
What are the Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology? - Answers Mutagens
Use of Reverse Transcriptase to Synthesize cDNA
Synthetic Nucleic Acids
Restriction Enzymes
Vectors
Gene Libraries
What are Mutagens? - Answers Physical and chemiccal agents that produce mutations
How do scientists utilize Mutagens? - Answers 1. Created changes in microbes' genomes to change
phenotypesx
2. Select for and culture cells with beneficial characteristics
Can Mutated Genes be isolated? - Answers Yes
What is cDNA? - Answers Complementary DNA
DNA synthesized from an mRNA template using reverse transcriptase
, What is Reverse Transcriptase? - Answers Complex enzyme that allows retroviruses to make dsDNA
from RNA templates
When is Reverse Transcriptase Used? - Answers in Recombinant DNA Technology to make cDNA
What is isolated to make cDNA in Reverse Transcriptase? - Answers retroviruses
What is used to transcribe molecule of cDNA in Reverse Transcriptase? - Answers RNA template
Why is isolating mRNA molecule used for desired protein first? - Answers Easier
Why are introns of mRNA eukaryotes removed? - Answers It allows cloning in prokaryotic cells
What are synthetic nucleic acids? - Answers Molecules of DNA and RNA produced in cell-free solutions
What are the uses of synthetic nucleic acids? - Answers 1. Elucidating the genetic code
2. Creating genes for specific proteins
3. Synthesizing DNA and RNA probes to locate specific
sequences of nucleotides
4. Synthesizing antisense nucleic acid molecules
STR? - Answers short tandem repeats (segments of DNA)
What are RESTRICTION ENZYMES? - Answers Bacterial enzymes that cut DNA molecules only at
restriction sites
What are the two categories of restriction enzymes? What are they based on? - Answers Based on Type
of Cut
1. Cuts with sticky ends
2. Cuts with blunt ends
What are Vectors? - Answers Nucleic acid molecules that deliver a gene into a cell
What are useful properties of vectors? - Answers -Small enough to manipulate in lab
-Survive inside cells
-Contain recognizable genetic marker
-Ensure genetic expression of gene
Types of Vectors? - Answers Viral Genomes
Transposons
