EOSC 114 Module 1 Review Questions with Complete Solutions Rated A+

EOSC 114 Module 1 Review Questions with Complete Solutions Rated A+ Disaster - Answers Dis - Hard, Bad, Unlucky Aster - Star (chief star/shooting star) Disaster Substantial Event Cause: - Answers 1. Physical damage 2. Injury/death 3. Change in environment Earth Core's Abundance of Elements - Answers 1. Iron 2. Nickel 3. Oxygen Earth Crust's Abundance of Elements - Answers 1. Oxygen 2. Silicon 3. Aluminum Ocean's Abundance of Elements - Answers 1. Oxygen 2. Hydrogen 3. Chlorine Atmosphere's Abundance of Elements - Answers 1. Nitrogen 2. Oxygen 3. Argon Compressibility - Answers Ability to squeeze or expand, so mass fills less or more space - Cause change in density (mass/volume) of object Phases of Matter & its Compressibility - Answers - Solid: Not very fluid, not very compressible - Liquid: Very fluid, not very compressible - Gas: Very fluid, very compressible Fluids - Answers Liquids or Gases (flow easily) Viscosity - Answers - How thick a fluid is - Measure resistance to flow - Depends of temperature & chemical structures Describe High Viscosity - Answers Thick, slow flow Describe Low Viscosity - Answers Runny, quick flow Density - Answers Mass/volume (kg/m3) Stratification - Answers Less-dense materials float on top of denser materials (creates layers / stratifications) Stratification of Earth - Answers 1. Inner core 2. Outer core 3. Mantle 4. Crust 5. Ocean 6. Atmosphere Natural Disasters Related to the Mantle of the Earth - Answers Earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides Natural Disasters Related to the Ocean of the Earth - Answers Waves Natural Disasters Related to the Atmosphere of the Earth - Answers Storms What Defines a Disaster - Answers The strata (layer of earth) SI - Answers International System of Units Standard Measurement for Time - Answers Second (s) SI Standard Unit of Distance - Answers Metre (m) SI Standard Unit of Mass (matter) - Answers Gram (g) Metric Prefix Thousand - Answers Kilo 10^3 Metric Prefix Million - Answers Mega 10^6 Metric Prefix Billion - Answers Giga 10^9 Metric Prefix Trillion - Answers Tera 10^12 Metric Prefix Hundredth - Answers Centi 10^-2 Metric Prefix Thousandth - Answers Milli 10^-3 Metric Prefix Millionth - Answers Micro 10^-6 Metric Prefix Billionth - Answers Nano 10^-9 Metric Prefix Trillionth - Answers Atto 10^-12 Quantifying Disasters Using Numbers in Metric - Answers Value = number, magnitude, prefix, unit - e.g. 5 x 10^2 km Force SI Unit - Answers N (newtons) Gravity - Answers Force that pulls masses to each other Force Equation - Answers F = m x g Force - Answers A push or a pull Work Equation - Answers W = F x d Work SI Unit - Answers J (joules) Work Definition - Answers Force applied over a certain distance 4 Examples of Energy - Answers 1. PE 2. KE 3. Sensible Heat 4. Latent Heat Potential Energy (PE) - Answers Work needed to raise object of mass in a distance against pull of gravity PE equation - Answers PE = mgh Kinetic Energy - Answers Energy due to motion Sensible Heat - Answers Heat we can feel and measure Latent Heat - Answers hidden heat absorbed or released when a substance undergoes a change of state Latent Heat During Phase Change - Answers - Evaporation - Heat taken from surroundings