AQUA PSYC EXAM QUESTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED

AQUA PSYC EXAM QUESTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED Stanger anxiety - ANSWER if closely attached child will show anxiety when stranger approaches Separation anxiety - ANSWER sign of becoming attached is to protest at separation from the caregiver Ainsworth's strange situation - ANSWER Controlled observation procedure designed to measure the security of attachment a child displays towards a caregiver. It takes pace in controlled conditions (i.e. laboratory) and with a two way mirror through with the psychologists can research the child's behaviour. they looked for separation/stranger anxiety, exploration and secure base, proximity seeking and response to reunion Ainsworth's strange situation evaluation - ANSWER +increased reliability as there is inter-rater-reliability +validity of these concepts as it can explain subsequent outcomes -may be measuring temperament -it is culture bound -does not include all types of attachment eg disinhibited ( treat strangers and familiar people the same) and disorganised attachment what is Reciprocity ? - ANSWER how 2 people interact both infant and mother respond to each others signals and elicit a response mothers usually pick up on and respond to the infants 2/3 of the time ( Feldman and Eildman 2007) Brazleton et al describes the interaction as a couples dance as each partner responds to each others moves what is Interactional Synchrony and who are the researches behind it ? - ANSWER mother and infant reflect both actions and emotions of the other in a coordinated way. Meltzoff and Moore observed interactional synchrony in children as young as 2 weeks old. An adult displayed one of 3 facial expressions or gestures. the child's response was filmed and identified by independent observers . there was a link between adults gesture and babies actions. Isabelle et al observed 30 mothers and assessed their level of synchrony. high levels of synchrony meant better quality of mother infant attachment Ethnocentrism - ANSWER is the tendency to believe that one's ethnic or cultural group is centrally important and that all other groups are measure in relation to one's own. culture - ANSWER Culture is a group of people tat share the same norms and values meta-analysis - ANSWER Meta-analysis looks at and analyses data that's already been carried out (secondary data) individualistic culture - ANSWER Individualistic cultures are concerned with themselves and support independence e.g. USA and Germany Collectivist culture - ANSWER Collectivist cultures are more concerned with the group or community than themselves. Their decisions tend to be based on what is good for their family or community than themselves e.g. japan Bowlby's maternal deprivation theory - ANSWER Mother love in infancy is as important in mental health as vitamins and proteins are for physical health. Being separated from a mother in childhood can lead to serious consequences Separation - ANSWER a child not being in the presence of a primary attachment figure Deprivation - ANSWER infants losing an element of care. Prolonged separation can lead to privation critical period for maternal deprivation - ANSWER 30 months. If the child is deprived of mother's emotional care for an extended period during the critical period the child will have psychological damage. intellectually development for maternally deprived children - ANSWER low IQ. Goldfarb 1947 children who had remained in institutions had a lower IQ than those fostered as they had a higher standard of emotional care Affectionless psychopathology - ANSWER inability to experience guilt or strong emotions for others. This prevents the person from forming normal relationships and is associated with criminality. They can't appreciate feelings for victims and therefore have no remorse.