NCLEX Hypertension exam with accurate complete
answers.
A client with newly diagnosed hypertension asks what she can do to decrease the
risk for related cardiovascular problems. Which of the following risk factors is
modifiable by the client?
a) Impaired renal function
b) Dyslipidemia
c) Age
d) Family history - Answer Dyslipidemia
Correct
Explanation: Page 862
Age, family history, and impaired renal function are risk factors for cardiovascular
disease related to hypertension that the client cannot change. Obesity, inactivity,
and disylipidemia are risk factors that the client can improve through diet,
exercise, and other healthy lifestyle changes.
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of
hypertension emergency/crisis. The patient's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm
Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV Nitropress (nitroprusside). Upon
assessment, which of the following patient findings requires immediate
intervention by the nurse?
a) Nausea and severe headache
b) Chest pain score of 3/10 (on a scale of 1 to 10)
c) Urine output of 40 cc/mL over the last hour
d) Left arm numbness and weakness - Answer Left arm numbness and weakness
,Explanation: Page 873
Hypertensive emergencies are acute, life-threatening BP elevations that require
prompt treatment in an intensive care setting because of the serious target organ
damage that may occur. The finding of left arm numbness and weakness may
indicate the patient is experiencing neurological symptoms associated with an
ischemic stroke because of the severely elevated BP and requires immediate
interventions. A urine output of 40 mL/h is within normal limits. The other
findings are likely caused by the hypertension and require intervention, but they
do not require action as urgently as the neurologic changes.
Hypertension is defined as "sustained elevations in systolic or diastolic blood
pressures that exceed prehypertension levels." What are some of the
consequences of hypertension that make it such a health menace in the United
States?
a) Cerebrovascular accident
b) Cardiac failure
c) Renal disease
d) All options are correct. - Answer All options are correct.
Correct
Explanation: Page 862
Healthcare professionals have revised guidelines for identifying hypertension
because hypertension places people at risk for heart disease, heart failure, stroke,
and kidney disease.
A 35-year-old female patient has been diagnosed with hypertension. The patient
is a stock broker, smokes daily, and is also a diabetic. During a follow-up
appointment, the patient states that she finds it cumbersome and time consuming
,to visit the doctor regularly just to check her blood pressure (BP). As the nurse,
which of the following aspects of patient teaching would you recommend?
a) Purchasing a self-monitoring BP cuff
b) Advising a smoking cessation
c) Discussing methods for stress reduction
d) Administering glycemic control - Answer Correct response: Purchasing a self-
monitoring BP cuff
Explanation: Page 871
Because this patient finds it time consuming to visit the doctor just for a blood
pressure reading, as the nurse, you can suggest the use of an automatic cuff at a
local pharmacy, or purchasing a self-monitoring cuff. Discussing methods for stress
reduction, advising a smoking cessation, and administering glycemic control would
constitute patient education in managing hypertension.
When treating hypertensive emergencies, the nurse identifies the most
appropriate route of administration for antihypertensive agents as being which of
the following?
a) Sublingual
b) Continuous IV infusion
c) Oral
d) Intramuscular - Answer Correct response: Continuous IV infusion
Explanation: Page 873
The medications of choice in hypertensive emergencies are best managed through
the continuous IV infusion of a short-acting titratable antihypertensive agent. The
nurse avoids the sublingual and IM routes as their absorption and dynamics are
, unpredictable. The oral route would not have as quick an onset as a continuous IV
infusion.
A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The physician orders furosemide
(lasix) 2 mg/kg to be given intravenously. The client weighs 24 kg. The medication
comes in a single-use vial that contains 40 mg in 4 mL (10 mg/mL). How much will
the nurse draw up for this client's dose?
a) 0.24 mL
b) 4.8 mL
c) 2.4 mL
d) 0.48 mL - Answer 4.8 mL
Correct
Explanation:
The formula is as follows: 24Kg X 2 mg = 48 mg total dose 48 mg / 10mg/mL = 4.8
mL amount to be drawn up
Officially, hypertension is diagnosed when the patient demonstrates a systolic
blood pressure greater than ______ mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure greater
than _____ mm Hg over a sustained period.
a) 120, 70
b) 140, 90
c) 130, 80
d) 110, 60 - Answer 140, 90
Correct
answers.
A client with newly diagnosed hypertension asks what she can do to decrease the
risk for related cardiovascular problems. Which of the following risk factors is
modifiable by the client?
a) Impaired renal function
b) Dyslipidemia
c) Age
d) Family history - Answer Dyslipidemia
Correct
Explanation: Page 862
Age, family history, and impaired renal function are risk factors for cardiovascular
disease related to hypertension that the client cannot change. Obesity, inactivity,
and disylipidemia are risk factors that the client can improve through diet,
exercise, and other healthy lifestyle changes.
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of
hypertension emergency/crisis. The patient's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm
Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV Nitropress (nitroprusside). Upon
assessment, which of the following patient findings requires immediate
intervention by the nurse?
a) Nausea and severe headache
b) Chest pain score of 3/10 (on a scale of 1 to 10)
c) Urine output of 40 cc/mL over the last hour
d) Left arm numbness and weakness - Answer Left arm numbness and weakness
,Explanation: Page 873
Hypertensive emergencies are acute, life-threatening BP elevations that require
prompt treatment in an intensive care setting because of the serious target organ
damage that may occur. The finding of left arm numbness and weakness may
indicate the patient is experiencing neurological symptoms associated with an
ischemic stroke because of the severely elevated BP and requires immediate
interventions. A urine output of 40 mL/h is within normal limits. The other
findings are likely caused by the hypertension and require intervention, but they
do not require action as urgently as the neurologic changes.
Hypertension is defined as "sustained elevations in systolic or diastolic blood
pressures that exceed prehypertension levels." What are some of the
consequences of hypertension that make it such a health menace in the United
States?
a) Cerebrovascular accident
b) Cardiac failure
c) Renal disease
d) All options are correct. - Answer All options are correct.
Correct
Explanation: Page 862
Healthcare professionals have revised guidelines for identifying hypertension
because hypertension places people at risk for heart disease, heart failure, stroke,
and kidney disease.
A 35-year-old female patient has been diagnosed with hypertension. The patient
is a stock broker, smokes daily, and is also a diabetic. During a follow-up
appointment, the patient states that she finds it cumbersome and time consuming
,to visit the doctor regularly just to check her blood pressure (BP). As the nurse,
which of the following aspects of patient teaching would you recommend?
a) Purchasing a self-monitoring BP cuff
b) Advising a smoking cessation
c) Discussing methods for stress reduction
d) Administering glycemic control - Answer Correct response: Purchasing a self-
monitoring BP cuff
Explanation: Page 871
Because this patient finds it time consuming to visit the doctor just for a blood
pressure reading, as the nurse, you can suggest the use of an automatic cuff at a
local pharmacy, or purchasing a self-monitoring cuff. Discussing methods for stress
reduction, advising a smoking cessation, and administering glycemic control would
constitute patient education in managing hypertension.
When treating hypertensive emergencies, the nurse identifies the most
appropriate route of administration for antihypertensive agents as being which of
the following?
a) Sublingual
b) Continuous IV infusion
c) Oral
d) Intramuscular - Answer Correct response: Continuous IV infusion
Explanation: Page 873
The medications of choice in hypertensive emergencies are best managed through
the continuous IV infusion of a short-acting titratable antihypertensive agent. The
nurse avoids the sublingual and IM routes as their absorption and dynamics are
, unpredictable. The oral route would not have as quick an onset as a continuous IV
infusion.
A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The physician orders furosemide
(lasix) 2 mg/kg to be given intravenously. The client weighs 24 kg. The medication
comes in a single-use vial that contains 40 mg in 4 mL (10 mg/mL). How much will
the nurse draw up for this client's dose?
a) 0.24 mL
b) 4.8 mL
c) 2.4 mL
d) 0.48 mL - Answer 4.8 mL
Correct
Explanation:
The formula is as follows: 24Kg X 2 mg = 48 mg total dose 48 mg / 10mg/mL = 4.8
mL amount to be drawn up
Officially, hypertension is diagnosed when the patient demonstrates a systolic
blood pressure greater than ______ mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure greater
than _____ mm Hg over a sustained period.
a) 120, 70
b) 140, 90
c) 130, 80
d) 110, 60 - Answer 140, 90
Correct
