WGU C273 INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
Who was the founder of conflict theory? - ANSWER Karl Marx
Which idea did Auguste Comte introduce to the field of sociology? - ANSWER
Positivism
Which sociological perspective views society as being made up of groups competing
for scarce resources? - ANSWER Conflict theory
How would a functionalist theory explain the complexity of American families in the
early twenty-first century? - ANSWER The complex patterns of family life permit
greater economic and emotional security for individuals from diverse backgrounds.
A controlled setting in which specific variables are manipulated and the outcomes
are measured - ANSWER Experiments
A series of questions asked of a sample of people - ANSWER surveys
Research that takes place while the researcher actively participates in a setting -
ANSWER Participant observation
The study of data that have already been collected - ANSWER Secondary Analysis
What is the purpose of having ethical standards in social research? - ANSWER To
protect human subjects
Why is it considered unethical for sociologists to mislead their research participants?
- ANSWER Because people have the right to give informed consent before
participating in research
What is an example of non-material culture? - ANSWER Language
Which concept do sociologists use to describe a group whose values and goals are
in opposition to mainstream culture? - ANSWER Counterculture
What role do a culture's values play in social interactions? - ANSWER Values define
a culture's standards for good and bad, beautiful and ugly, right and wrong.
How does the workplace act as an agent of socialization? - ANSWER It is an
environment where one can acquire new perspectives of the world.
Where do most people first encounter gender socialization? - ANSWER Family
How might Charles Horton Cooley use the concept of the looking-glass self to
explain the influence of media on identity and behavior? - ANSWER Media affects
, the way that people perceive themselves because media reflects society's views of
itself.
Which area of social life would be analyzed from the perspective of macro-
sociology? - ANSWER Social class
How do sociologists describe the role of peers across the different stages of life? -
ANSWER They serve as agents of socialization.
Which two concepts reflect sociological ways of thinking about the development of
self? - ANSWER The looking-glass self
The generalized other
What is the position of conflict theorists regarding deviance? - ANSWER Deviant
behavior is defined by those with power.
What is one factor psychologists, in contrast to sociologists, favor when explaining
deviant behavior? - ANSWER Personality disorders
What is a secondary group? - ANSWER A group that is created through similar
interests, activities, or professions
Which social theorist was the first to analyze bureaucracies as powerful forms of
social organization that are concerned with the "bottom line?" - ANSWER Max
Weber
A student is well prepared for a class assignment, and she feels confident she knows
the correct answers to the questions the teacher will ask during a group discussion.
However, the student is reluctant to raise her hand to answer the questions to avoid
making her classmates look bad.
Which term explains the student's behavior within the social structure of the group? -
ANSWER Role strain
Which social structure concept did Emile Durkheim refer to as a shared
consciousness that develops from groups performing similar tasks? - ANSWER
Mechanical solidarity
Which type of influence could convince good people to participate in heinous acts,
according to Stanley Milgram's research? - ANSWER Authority
How does ranking nations by their level of global industry or their ability to
industrialize describe global stratification? - ANSWER The greater a country's global
industrialization, the more likely it is to be a first world country.
What is a primary cause of global stratification? - ANSWER Colonialism
How do educational disparities relate to economic disparities that cause global
stratification? ( - ANSWER Less industrialized countries do not have the economic
resources to advance their educational systems because they owe too much money
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
Who was the founder of conflict theory? - ANSWER Karl Marx
Which idea did Auguste Comte introduce to the field of sociology? - ANSWER
Positivism
Which sociological perspective views society as being made up of groups competing
for scarce resources? - ANSWER Conflict theory
How would a functionalist theory explain the complexity of American families in the
early twenty-first century? - ANSWER The complex patterns of family life permit
greater economic and emotional security for individuals from diverse backgrounds.
A controlled setting in which specific variables are manipulated and the outcomes
are measured - ANSWER Experiments
A series of questions asked of a sample of people - ANSWER surveys
Research that takes place while the researcher actively participates in a setting -
ANSWER Participant observation
The study of data that have already been collected - ANSWER Secondary Analysis
What is the purpose of having ethical standards in social research? - ANSWER To
protect human subjects
Why is it considered unethical for sociologists to mislead their research participants?
- ANSWER Because people have the right to give informed consent before
participating in research
What is an example of non-material culture? - ANSWER Language
Which concept do sociologists use to describe a group whose values and goals are
in opposition to mainstream culture? - ANSWER Counterculture
What role do a culture's values play in social interactions? - ANSWER Values define
a culture's standards for good and bad, beautiful and ugly, right and wrong.
How does the workplace act as an agent of socialization? - ANSWER It is an
environment where one can acquire new perspectives of the world.
Where do most people first encounter gender socialization? - ANSWER Family
How might Charles Horton Cooley use the concept of the looking-glass self to
explain the influence of media on identity and behavior? - ANSWER Media affects
, the way that people perceive themselves because media reflects society's views of
itself.
Which area of social life would be analyzed from the perspective of macro-
sociology? - ANSWER Social class
How do sociologists describe the role of peers across the different stages of life? -
ANSWER They serve as agents of socialization.
Which two concepts reflect sociological ways of thinking about the development of
self? - ANSWER The looking-glass self
The generalized other
What is the position of conflict theorists regarding deviance? - ANSWER Deviant
behavior is defined by those with power.
What is one factor psychologists, in contrast to sociologists, favor when explaining
deviant behavior? - ANSWER Personality disorders
What is a secondary group? - ANSWER A group that is created through similar
interests, activities, or professions
Which social theorist was the first to analyze bureaucracies as powerful forms of
social organization that are concerned with the "bottom line?" - ANSWER Max
Weber
A student is well prepared for a class assignment, and she feels confident she knows
the correct answers to the questions the teacher will ask during a group discussion.
However, the student is reluctant to raise her hand to answer the questions to avoid
making her classmates look bad.
Which term explains the student's behavior within the social structure of the group? -
ANSWER Role strain
Which social structure concept did Emile Durkheim refer to as a shared
consciousness that develops from groups performing similar tasks? - ANSWER
Mechanical solidarity
Which type of influence could convince good people to participate in heinous acts,
according to Stanley Milgram's research? - ANSWER Authority
How does ranking nations by their level of global industry or their ability to
industrialize describe global stratification? - ANSWER The greater a country's global
industrialization, the more likely it is to be a first world country.
What is a primary cause of global stratification? - ANSWER Colonialism
How do educational disparities relate to economic disparities that cause global
stratification? ( - ANSWER Less industrialized countries do not have the economic
resources to advance their educational systems because they owe too much money
