Intervension Division (if Explanation Notes
applicable)
Relaxation and There is no evidence of
mediation efficacy.
Aversive ● inducing nausea when client is Works better than CST
conditioning exposed to drugs for smoking
approaches ● some success in reducing
drinking
● adverse operant conditioning
● highest level of success for
smoking from all
non-pharmacological treatments
● needs to be conducted under
medical supervision
Cognitive therapy ● identifying automatic thoughts
- socratic questioning
- learning to develop
adaptive thoughts
skill focused ● teach skills and how to apply CST is found to be
CBT or CST: core them effective for AUD,
element is marijuana, cocaine,
addressing the lack situation ● identify high-risk situations and opiate, and polydrug use
of adaptive coping focused learn how to cope CST (including RPT):
skills ● That is the idea behind relapse strong support when
prevention training focusing on
interpersonal skills
more than on mood
management
Computer-based CBT +
TAU = valuable results
for patients with AUD.
SSRIs + CBT are highly
effective in treating
patients with an AUD
and depression
Integrated treatments
that combine CBT and
medications like
antidepressants provide
the most support for
comorbid opioid and
anxiety disorders.
Relapse prevention ● a cognitive-behavioral approach
training primarily used in addiction
treatment to help individuals
, maintain behavior changes and
avoid returning to problematic
behaviors
Contingent ● Motivational incentives based on Most effective for
Management (CM) operant conditioning cocaine dependence,
5 key elements effective fo AUD and
1. Timing of reinforcement: marijuana as well,
immediate particularly when
2. Contingency: incentive needs to combined with CST
follow response consistency
3. reinforcing the actual behavior No-long-term results for
you want to change smoking
4. detecting abstinence correctly BUT godd results for
5. personally valued incentive pregnant smokers
Concerns:
- high financial costs For cocaine: CM + CST
recent changes: reducing the or community
value of the vouchers gradually reinforcement approach
- mixed results in long-term has the best abstinence
context rate
best results when people already
sought for treatment CM is beneficial for
patients who provide
drug-free urine to
cocaine users with
depression.
Acceptance and Base of ACT There are few studies on
commitment - Do not eliminate negative drug dependence. Pilot
therapy (ACT) thoughts studies show promising
- accept them and continue your results, but for now
life without constant pressure to inconclusive
change them
- identify values that are important
to you and life by them
- Thought suppression is believed
to be negative in long-term
- emphasizing spirituality, values,
and mindfulness
Cue-exposure with ● reduce responded conditioning to Little/mixed evidence
response prevention a stimuli that has been associated for opiate and cocaine
(CET) with drug use Support for AUD
● repeatedly presenting drug cues Most studies found no
while the person has no access to effect from smoking.
the drug so these become
unreinfocred, therefore making Cue-exposure therapy is
people less susceptible to these effective in treating SUD
cues for patients with PTSD
Works by: but should only be used
- either braking the association after substance abuse is
- or by providing opportunity to under control
practice copying with the urges
applicable)
Relaxation and There is no evidence of
mediation efficacy.
Aversive ● inducing nausea when client is Works better than CST
conditioning exposed to drugs for smoking
approaches ● some success in reducing
drinking
● adverse operant conditioning
● highest level of success for
smoking from all
non-pharmacological treatments
● needs to be conducted under
medical supervision
Cognitive therapy ● identifying automatic thoughts
- socratic questioning
- learning to develop
adaptive thoughts
skill focused ● teach skills and how to apply CST is found to be
CBT or CST: core them effective for AUD,
element is marijuana, cocaine,
addressing the lack situation ● identify high-risk situations and opiate, and polydrug use
of adaptive coping focused learn how to cope CST (including RPT):
skills ● That is the idea behind relapse strong support when
prevention training focusing on
interpersonal skills
more than on mood
management
Computer-based CBT +
TAU = valuable results
for patients with AUD.
SSRIs + CBT are highly
effective in treating
patients with an AUD
and depression
Integrated treatments
that combine CBT and
medications like
antidepressants provide
the most support for
comorbid opioid and
anxiety disorders.
Relapse prevention ● a cognitive-behavioral approach
training primarily used in addiction
treatment to help individuals
, maintain behavior changes and
avoid returning to problematic
behaviors
Contingent ● Motivational incentives based on Most effective for
Management (CM) operant conditioning cocaine dependence,
5 key elements effective fo AUD and
1. Timing of reinforcement: marijuana as well,
immediate particularly when
2. Contingency: incentive needs to combined with CST
follow response consistency
3. reinforcing the actual behavior No-long-term results for
you want to change smoking
4. detecting abstinence correctly BUT godd results for
5. personally valued incentive pregnant smokers
Concerns:
- high financial costs For cocaine: CM + CST
recent changes: reducing the or community
value of the vouchers gradually reinforcement approach
- mixed results in long-term has the best abstinence
context rate
best results when people already
sought for treatment CM is beneficial for
patients who provide
drug-free urine to
cocaine users with
depression.
Acceptance and Base of ACT There are few studies on
commitment - Do not eliminate negative drug dependence. Pilot
therapy (ACT) thoughts studies show promising
- accept them and continue your results, but for now
life without constant pressure to inconclusive
change them
- identify values that are important
to you and life by them
- Thought suppression is believed
to be negative in long-term
- emphasizing spirituality, values,
and mindfulness
Cue-exposure with ● reduce responded conditioning to Little/mixed evidence
response prevention a stimuli that has been associated for opiate and cocaine
(CET) with drug use Support for AUD
● repeatedly presenting drug cues Most studies found no
while the person has no access to effect from smoking.
the drug so these become
unreinfocred, therefore making Cue-exposure therapy is
people less susceptible to these effective in treating SUD
cues for patients with PTSD
Works by: but should only be used
- either braking the association after substance abuse is
- or by providing opportunity to under control
practice copying with the urges
