Irene Gold BOARDS PART 1 PHYSIOLOGY
Exam/202 Questions and Solutions
Use Gonsalve's BSR Quizlet for cardiovascular review:
https://quizlet.com/404370313/bsr-q6-week-6-7-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part-1-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/406764650/bsr-q6-week-7-8-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part2-flash-cards/ - -Use Gonsalve's BSR Quizlet for
cardiovascular review:
https://quizlet.com/404370313/bsr-q6-week-6-7-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part-1-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/406764650/bsr-q6-week-7-8-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part2-flash-cards/
-What 2 ways can blood enter the heart? - -→Superior vena cava
→Inferior vena cava
-Blood enters the heart via SVC and IVC but there is another exception.
What is it? - -Azygous veins
-The Azygous vein drains where? - -SVC
-What part of the heart is this?
→ P-wave starts at sinoatrial node in crista terminalis
→ impulse travels to AV node - -Right Atrium
-What happens when there is a SA node impulse to AV node and delayed (P-
R) interval? - -AV Nodal Delay
-What part of the heart is this?
→end of diastole 120ml
→tricuspid valve closes S-1
→heart sound: isovolumetric contraction - -Right ventricle
-Name this EKG:
→ QRS complex (ventricular contract) - -Ventricular depolarization
-What part of the heart is this?
,→ mid-systole (halfway through)= enough pressure to blow open pulmonic
semilunar valves - -pulmonary artery
-What part of the heart is this?
→ blood exits via 2 pulmonary arteries to lungs - -pulmonary artery
-What carries DE-O2 blood? - -pulmonary artery
-What carries DE-O2 blood? - -umbilical artery
-Ventricular filling is ____% passive and ____% active - -80% passive
20% active from atrial contraction
-SA node impulse to AV node is shown as what on an ECG? - -P-R interval
-At the end of diastole the right ventricle contains _______ amount of blood -
-150ml
-S1 =
S2 = - -→AV Valves - S1
→Semilunar - S2
-QRS = - -Ventricular depolarization + consequent contraction
-Isovolumetric contraction begins at ____ and ends as semilunar valves open
- -S1
-Isovolumetric Relaxation begins at ____ and ends as the AV valves open - -
S2
-The highest concentration of blood O2 is found in the - -Cardiac system
-Pulmonary vein and umbilical vein in fetus are the only veins that carry - -
Oxygenated blood
-Pulmonary artery and umbilical artery in fetus are the only arteries that - -
carry
Deoxygenated blood
-START PAGE 2: ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
P-wave= - -atrial depolarization - atrium contracts
-P-R Interval - -AV nodal delay
-On an ECG isovolumetric contraction is represented by - -R
, -The AV node sends its impulse through the _______ into _______ - -→Bundle
of His
→Purkinje Fibers
-The right Bundle of His is aka - -Moderator Band
-How much faster is the Purkinje system than the Av node?
What accounts for this speed increase? - -→150x faster
→Faster because increased number of intercalated discs and gap junctions
-The first downward or negative projection that is normal on an ECG is the
____ second negative projection is - -→Q-wave - 1st
→S-wave - 2nd
-On an ECG what hides atrial re-polarization? - -QRS complex
-What prevents the AV valves from blowing backward during ventricular
contraction? - -→Cordae Tendinea
→Papillary Muscles
-Ventricular re-polarization is represented by what on an ECG? - -T-wave
-Isovolumetric relaxation is represented by what on an ECG? - -S-T segment
-What does a U-wave represent on an ECG? - -Papillary muscle re-
polarization
-A Myocardial infarction will be visualized as what on an ECG? (2
possibilities) - -Inverted T wave
Altered S-T segment
-Heart tetany is prevented by what? - -→Slow calcium channels that create
a long absolute refractory period
→Aka "plateaus"
-Heart auto- rhythmicity is due to what? - -The hearts own leaky sodium
channels
-Frequency of impulse:
Exam/202 Questions and Solutions
Use Gonsalve's BSR Quizlet for cardiovascular review:
https://quizlet.com/404370313/bsr-q6-week-6-7-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part-1-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/406764650/bsr-q6-week-7-8-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part2-flash-cards/ - -Use Gonsalve's BSR Quizlet for
cardiovascular review:
https://quizlet.com/404370313/bsr-q6-week-6-7-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part-1-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/406764650/bsr-q6-week-7-8-gonsalves-cardiovascular-
physiology-part2-flash-cards/
-What 2 ways can blood enter the heart? - -→Superior vena cava
→Inferior vena cava
-Blood enters the heart via SVC and IVC but there is another exception.
What is it? - -Azygous veins
-The Azygous vein drains where? - -SVC
-What part of the heart is this?
→ P-wave starts at sinoatrial node in crista terminalis
→ impulse travels to AV node - -Right Atrium
-What happens when there is a SA node impulse to AV node and delayed (P-
R) interval? - -AV Nodal Delay
-What part of the heart is this?
→end of diastole 120ml
→tricuspid valve closes S-1
→heart sound: isovolumetric contraction - -Right ventricle
-Name this EKG:
→ QRS complex (ventricular contract) - -Ventricular depolarization
-What part of the heart is this?
,→ mid-systole (halfway through)= enough pressure to blow open pulmonic
semilunar valves - -pulmonary artery
-What part of the heart is this?
→ blood exits via 2 pulmonary arteries to lungs - -pulmonary artery
-What carries DE-O2 blood? - -pulmonary artery
-What carries DE-O2 blood? - -umbilical artery
-Ventricular filling is ____% passive and ____% active - -80% passive
20% active from atrial contraction
-SA node impulse to AV node is shown as what on an ECG? - -P-R interval
-At the end of diastole the right ventricle contains _______ amount of blood -
-150ml
-S1 =
S2 = - -→AV Valves - S1
→Semilunar - S2
-QRS = - -Ventricular depolarization + consequent contraction
-Isovolumetric contraction begins at ____ and ends as semilunar valves open
- -S1
-Isovolumetric Relaxation begins at ____ and ends as the AV valves open - -
S2
-The highest concentration of blood O2 is found in the - -Cardiac system
-Pulmonary vein and umbilical vein in fetus are the only veins that carry - -
Oxygenated blood
-Pulmonary artery and umbilical artery in fetus are the only arteries that - -
carry
Deoxygenated blood
-START PAGE 2: ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
P-wave= - -atrial depolarization - atrium contracts
-P-R Interval - -AV nodal delay
-On an ECG isovolumetric contraction is represented by - -R
, -The AV node sends its impulse through the _______ into _______ - -→Bundle
of His
→Purkinje Fibers
-The right Bundle of His is aka - -Moderator Band
-How much faster is the Purkinje system than the Av node?
What accounts for this speed increase? - -→150x faster
→Faster because increased number of intercalated discs and gap junctions
-The first downward or negative projection that is normal on an ECG is the
____ second negative projection is - -→Q-wave - 1st
→S-wave - 2nd
-On an ECG what hides atrial re-polarization? - -QRS complex
-What prevents the AV valves from blowing backward during ventricular
contraction? - -→Cordae Tendinea
→Papillary Muscles
-Ventricular re-polarization is represented by what on an ECG? - -T-wave
-Isovolumetric relaxation is represented by what on an ECG? - -S-T segment
-What does a U-wave represent on an ECG? - -Papillary muscle re-
polarization
-A Myocardial infarction will be visualized as what on an ECG? (2
possibilities) - -Inverted T wave
Altered S-T segment
-Heart tetany is prevented by what? - -→Slow calcium channels that create
a long absolute refractory period
→Aka "plateaus"
-Heart auto- rhythmicity is due to what? - -The hearts own leaky sodium
channels
-Frequency of impulse:
