HUN 1201: FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

HUN 1201: FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS chronic disease - Answer️️ -is characterized by slow progression and a long duration (cancer, heart disease, type II diabetes) calcium - Answer️️ -it is the most abundant mineral in the body. 99% is found in bone. it works outside of the bone with muscle contractions, hormone secretion, nerve signaling, and enzyme activation calcium rigor - Answer️️ -caused by calcium poisoning calcium tetany - Answer️️ -causes muscle contractions due to low levels of calcium osteoporosis - Answer️️ -a calcium deficiency where the bone becomes weak and brittle Amino acid - Answer️️ -they are the building blocks of protein which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. consists of an amino group, acid group, and side chain. side chain - Answer️️ -what makes each amino acid unique from another amino acid? macronutrient - Answer️️ -the nutrients needed in large amounts by the body (carbs, lipids, protein, water) micronutrients - Answer️️ -the nutrients needed in small amounts by the body (vitamins and minerals) ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR 7:59 PM Page | 2 calorie - Answer️️ -a unit of measure used to express the amount of energy provided by food. fat soluble - Answer️️ -vitamins that are hydrophobic, accumulate in fatty tissue, and can be store by the body. a, d, e, k - Answer️️ -what are the 4 fat soluble vitamins? water soluble - Answer️️ -vitamins that are found in the cytoplasm of the cell and are not stored by the body. B complex and vit C - Answer️️ -what are the 9 water soluble vitamins? triglyceride - Answer️️ -the major type of lipid in food and the body, consisting of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule. digestion - Answer️️ -the process by which food is broken down, either chemically or mechanically, into components small enough to be absorbed into the body nutrient density - Answer️️ -the measure of the nutrients prov