TEST BANK For Judgment in Managerial Decision
Making, 8th Edition Max H. Bazerman Don A. Moore
Regression to the mean - ANSWER:a tendency for extreme scores to get closer to the
mean. b/c of the RTTM, your best prediction for the next semester is somewhere
between a 3.0(his average gpa) and 3.8
Sports illustrated/madden jink - ANSWER:Of 2456 covers, 913 (37.2%) suffered
misfortune following a cover appearance. Of these, 53% were bad losses by a team,
but also included
- Declines in individual performance: 44%
- Bad loss/bad performance by individual: 25% - Postseason(playoffs)failure:13%
- Injury or death: 12%
- Blunder or bad play: 5%, any sports fans also believe in the "Madden curse"
- Football players appearing on the cover of this video game perform worse the
following year
Natural examples of jinx - ANSWER:height of fathers and sons
- Fathers who are exactly 6 feet tall: Sons average 70.1 inches.
Brilliant students... less successful siblings.
Firms with very high profits one year perform less well next year; the opposite occurs
with firms with much lower-than- normal profits.
Impact of rewards - ANSWER:One group of pilots in a flight school received
outstanding marks for their performance in the field. The instructors praised them
and the next time the pilots went out, their performance decreased. So the
instructors concluded that praise decreases performance
Impact of punishment - ANSWER:Another group of pilots in a flight school received
terrible marks for their performance in the field. the instructors yelled and punished
them. next time the pilots went out, their performance increased, so the instructors
concluded that yelling and punishment increases performance.
Individual differences (why people make different decisions than others) -
ANSWER:ID-> any measurable psychological variable on which humans may differ
from one another
Typical individual differences (cognitive ability aka general intelligence) -
ANSWER:Include: verbal, quantitative, analytical)
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (conscientiousness) - ANSWER:
(efficient/organized vs. easy going/careless). A tendency to be organized and
, dependable, show self-discipline, act dutifully, aim for achievement, prefer planned
rather than spontaneous behavior.
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (agreeableness) -
ANSWER:(friendly/compassionate vs. analytical/detached )
A tendency to be compassionate and cooperate rather than suspicious and
antagonistic towards others. It is also a measure of one's trusting and helpful nature.
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (extraversion) -
ANSWER:(outgoing/energetic vs. solitary/reserved) Energy, positive emotions,
assertiveness, sociability and the tendency to seek stimulation in the company of
others, and talkativeness.
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (neuroticism) -
ANSWER:sensitive/nervous vs. secure/confident.
the tendency to experience unpleasant emotions easily such as anxiety and anger. It
refers to the degree of emotional stability and impulse control and is sometimes
referred to by "emotional stability)
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (openness to experience) -
ANSWER:inventive/curious vs. consistent/cautious
Appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, curiosity, and variety of
experience. Openness reflects the degree of intellectual curiosity, creativity and a
preference for novelty and variety a person has. It is also described as the extent to
which a person is imaginative or independent, and depicts a personal preference for
a variety of activities over a strict routine. Some disagreement remains about how to
interpret the openness factor, which is sometimes called "intellect" rather than
openness to experience.
Need for cognition - ANSWER:has been found to be related to making fewer decision
errors. a person's tendency to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive endeavors. I.e-
> i really enjoy a task that involves coming up with new solutions to problems.
affect - ANSWER:your general state as a person. how you are naturally
emotions - ANSWER:an affective response to a specific situation
mood - ANSWER:more stable than emotions, an affective state that lasts longer than
emotions but may or may not be "who you are"
direct emotion - ANSWER:have an effect on decision makers, that is, emotions are
concerned with the decision itself
indirect emotions - ANSWER:also have an effect on decision makers. these are
emotions that have nothing to do at all w/ the decision
Making, 8th Edition Max H. Bazerman Don A. Moore
Regression to the mean - ANSWER:a tendency for extreme scores to get closer to the
mean. b/c of the RTTM, your best prediction for the next semester is somewhere
between a 3.0(his average gpa) and 3.8
Sports illustrated/madden jink - ANSWER:Of 2456 covers, 913 (37.2%) suffered
misfortune following a cover appearance. Of these, 53% were bad losses by a team,
but also included
- Declines in individual performance: 44%
- Bad loss/bad performance by individual: 25% - Postseason(playoffs)failure:13%
- Injury or death: 12%
- Blunder or bad play: 5%, any sports fans also believe in the "Madden curse"
- Football players appearing on the cover of this video game perform worse the
following year
Natural examples of jinx - ANSWER:height of fathers and sons
- Fathers who are exactly 6 feet tall: Sons average 70.1 inches.
Brilliant students... less successful siblings.
Firms with very high profits one year perform less well next year; the opposite occurs
with firms with much lower-than- normal profits.
Impact of rewards - ANSWER:One group of pilots in a flight school received
outstanding marks for their performance in the field. The instructors praised them
and the next time the pilots went out, their performance decreased. So the
instructors concluded that praise decreases performance
Impact of punishment - ANSWER:Another group of pilots in a flight school received
terrible marks for their performance in the field. the instructors yelled and punished
them. next time the pilots went out, their performance increased, so the instructors
concluded that yelling and punishment increases performance.
Individual differences (why people make different decisions than others) -
ANSWER:ID-> any measurable psychological variable on which humans may differ
from one another
Typical individual differences (cognitive ability aka general intelligence) -
ANSWER:Include: verbal, quantitative, analytical)
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (conscientiousness) - ANSWER:
(efficient/organized vs. easy going/careless). A tendency to be organized and
, dependable, show self-discipline, act dutifully, aim for achievement, prefer planned
rather than spontaneous behavior.
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (agreeableness) -
ANSWER:(friendly/compassionate vs. analytical/detached )
A tendency to be compassionate and cooperate rather than suspicious and
antagonistic towards others. It is also a measure of one's trusting and helpful nature.
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (extraversion) -
ANSWER:(outgoing/energetic vs. solitary/reserved) Energy, positive emotions,
assertiveness, sociability and the tendency to seek stimulation in the company of
others, and talkativeness.
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (neuroticism) -
ANSWER:sensitive/nervous vs. secure/confident.
the tendency to experience unpleasant emotions easily such as anxiety and anger. It
refers to the degree of emotional stability and impulse control and is sometimes
referred to by "emotional stability)
Typical ID- personality "big 5" trait domains (openness to experience) -
ANSWER:inventive/curious vs. consistent/cautious
Appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, curiosity, and variety of
experience. Openness reflects the degree of intellectual curiosity, creativity and a
preference for novelty and variety a person has. It is also described as the extent to
which a person is imaginative or independent, and depicts a personal preference for
a variety of activities over a strict routine. Some disagreement remains about how to
interpret the openness factor, which is sometimes called "intellect" rather than
openness to experience.
Need for cognition - ANSWER:has been found to be related to making fewer decision
errors. a person's tendency to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive endeavors. I.e-
> i really enjoy a task that involves coming up with new solutions to problems.
affect - ANSWER:your general state as a person. how you are naturally
emotions - ANSWER:an affective response to a specific situation
mood - ANSWER:more stable than emotions, an affective state that lasts longer than
emotions but may or may not be "who you are"
direct emotion - ANSWER:have an effect on decision makers, that is, emotions are
concerned with the decision itself
indirect emotions - ANSWER:also have an effect on decision makers. these are
emotions that have nothing to do at all w/ the decision
