Focus on Nursing Pharmacology - Amy M. Karch - Chapter 1
1. Adverse Effects: The undesired, unpleasant, or even dangerous results some
drugs produce.
2. Brand Name: The name given to a drug by the pharmaceutical company that
developed it.
3. Chemical Name: The name that reflects the chemical structure of a drug.
4. Drugs: Chemicals that are introduced into the body to bring about some sort of
change.
5. Federal Drug Administration (FDA): The federal agency responsible for drug
regulation, enforcement, evaluation, and distribution policies.
6. Generic Drugs: Drugs sold by their chemical name rather than the brand
(trade) name.
7. Generic Name: The name given when the drug company that develops it
applies for the approval process.
8. Genetic Engineering: The process of altering DNA, usually of bacteria, to
produce a chemical to be used as a drug.
9. Orphan Drugs: Drugs that have been discovered but would not be profitable
for a drug company to develop; usually drugs that would treat only a small
number of people; these orphans can be adopted by drug companies to be
developed.
10. Over the Counter (OTC): Drugs available without a prescription for self
treatment of a variety of complaints and deemed to be safe if used as directed.
11. Pharmacology: The study of the biological effects of chemicals.
12. Pharmacotherapeutics: The branch of pharmacology that deals with drugs
and chemicals for use in medicine for the treatment, prevention and diagnosis
of disease in humans (aka, clinical pharmacology).
13. Phase One Study: A pilot study of a potential drug done with a small number
of selected healthy human volunteers.
14. Phase Two Study: A clinical study of a proposed drug by selected physicians
using actual patients who have the disorder the drug for which the drug is
designed to treat and for which patients must provide informed consent.
15. Phase Three Study: A clinical study of a proposed drug on a wide scale in the
clinical setting with patients who have the disorder and for which the drug is
designed to treat.
16. Phase Four Study: The continual evaluation of a drug after it has been
released by the FDA for marketing.
17. Preclinical Trials: The initial trial of a chemical thought to have therapeutic
potential; uses laboratory animals not human subjects, and is used to evaluate
the effects on living tissue and adverse effects.
1. Adverse Effects: The undesired, unpleasant, or even dangerous results some
drugs produce.
2. Brand Name: The name given to a drug by the pharmaceutical company that
developed it.
3. Chemical Name: The name that reflects the chemical structure of a drug.
4. Drugs: Chemicals that are introduced into the body to bring about some sort of
change.
5. Federal Drug Administration (FDA): The federal agency responsible for drug
regulation, enforcement, evaluation, and distribution policies.
6. Generic Drugs: Drugs sold by their chemical name rather than the brand
(trade) name.
7. Generic Name: The name given when the drug company that develops it
applies for the approval process.
8. Genetic Engineering: The process of altering DNA, usually of bacteria, to
produce a chemical to be used as a drug.
9. Orphan Drugs: Drugs that have been discovered but would not be profitable
for a drug company to develop; usually drugs that would treat only a small
number of people; these orphans can be adopted by drug companies to be
developed.
10. Over the Counter (OTC): Drugs available without a prescription for self
treatment of a variety of complaints and deemed to be safe if used as directed.
11. Pharmacology: The study of the biological effects of chemicals.
12. Pharmacotherapeutics: The branch of pharmacology that deals with drugs
and chemicals for use in medicine for the treatment, prevention and diagnosis
of disease in humans (aka, clinical pharmacology).
13. Phase One Study: A pilot study of a potential drug done with a small number
of selected healthy human volunteers.
14. Phase Two Study: A clinical study of a proposed drug by selected physicians
using actual patients who have the disorder the drug for which the drug is
designed to treat and for which patients must provide informed consent.
15. Phase Three Study: A clinical study of a proposed drug on a wide scale in the
clinical setting with patients who have the disorder and for which the drug is
designed to treat.
16. Phase Four Study: The continual evaluation of a drug after it has been
released by the FDA for marketing.
17. Preclinical Trials: The initial trial of a chemical thought to have therapeutic
potential; uses laboratory animals not human subjects, and is used to evaluate
the effects on living tissue and adverse effects.
