Cardiovascular Pharmacology
3 classifications of angina pectoris - questions and answers-Exertional: caused by
exercise, overexertion, or stress
Variant or Prinzmetal: caused by vasospasm of coronary arteries
Unstable: occurs when coronary arteries are completely blocked
ACE inhbitors - questions and answers-• Inhibit formation of angiotensin II and
inactivation of
bradykinin.
• Decrease release of aldosterone and antidiuretic
hormone.
agranulocytosis - questions and answers-condition in which the number of white blood
cells, in particular the granulocytes, is less than normal.
Angina Pectoris - questions and answers-Chest pain due to decreased blood flow
(ischemia) to the heart
Apoproteins attached to cholesterol - questions and answers-Lipoproteins
Atherosclerosis - questions and answers-build up of plaque which can be from excess
LDL.. Causes decreased elasticity/ flexibility
Atherosclerosis leads to ... - questions and answers-coronary artery disease or
peripheral artery disease
autorhythmicity - questions and answers-A property of cardiovascular connective tissue
that enables the heart to initiate its own electrical stimulation
-- regulated by autonomic NS (NOT involved in initiation)
Beta blockers for treating Chronic Heart Failure - questions and answers-- beta 1
blockers (heart or kidney) to reduce heart rate and force of contraction
Beta-Adrenergic blocking drugs for Angina pectoris - questions and answers-Reverse
the effects of sympathetic activation.
• Decrease cardiac work and oxygen consumption.
Indication - Long-term (chronic) management of angina pectoris.
, Bile Acid Sequestrants - questions and answers-bile is made in bile vesicles; release
components to digestive system that contribute to the digestion of fats
• These bind bile salts & cholesterol in the intestinal tract ..... decreased bile acid
secreted = decreased fat digestion (or not completely) , so less are absorbed in the
intestine meaning more are just pooped out
Calcium channel blockers for angina pectoris - questions and answers-• Inhibit the influx
of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle.
Enable arteriolar vasodilation and reduce blood pressure.
Inhibiting contraction = vasodilation effect
• Administered on a daily basis to prevent angina.
Preferred drugs for treatment of variant or Prinzmetal angina and to relieve vasospasm.
Cardiac glycosides for treating Chronic Heart Failure - questions and answers-- cardiac
glycosides to increase the force of myocardial contractions & stimulate the Vagas nerve
Cardiac Output (CO) - questions and answers-Volume of blood pumped per beat
• Determined by heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV).
• CO = HR × SV
Cholesterol & atherosclerosis risk factors - questions and answers-• related to lifestyles
& age (metabolism changes; efficiency to eliminate cholesterol from the blood)
• also a genetic component
Chronic Heart Failure - questions and answers-• Decreased contractile ability leading to
insufficient pumping of the blood volume in the heart
• Enlargement of the heart due to the accumulation of blood inside the chambers.
Brings about thinning of the myocardium walls
Clinical strategy for triglyceride levels - questions and answers-Lower LDL cholesterol
and increase HDL cholesterol.
Coagulation - questions and answers-process by which the blood changes from a liquid
to a solid "plug" as a reaction to local tissue injury; normal
blood clot formation.
conduction system - questions and answers-a group of specialized cardiac muscle cells
in the walls of the heart that coordinates contractions of both sides of the heart
3 classifications of angina pectoris - questions and answers-Exertional: caused by
exercise, overexertion, or stress
Variant or Prinzmetal: caused by vasospasm of coronary arteries
Unstable: occurs when coronary arteries are completely blocked
ACE inhbitors - questions and answers-• Inhibit formation of angiotensin II and
inactivation of
bradykinin.
• Decrease release of aldosterone and antidiuretic
hormone.
agranulocytosis - questions and answers-condition in which the number of white blood
cells, in particular the granulocytes, is less than normal.
Angina Pectoris - questions and answers-Chest pain due to decreased blood flow
(ischemia) to the heart
Apoproteins attached to cholesterol - questions and answers-Lipoproteins
Atherosclerosis - questions and answers-build up of plaque which can be from excess
LDL.. Causes decreased elasticity/ flexibility
Atherosclerosis leads to ... - questions and answers-coronary artery disease or
peripheral artery disease
autorhythmicity - questions and answers-A property of cardiovascular connective tissue
that enables the heart to initiate its own electrical stimulation
-- regulated by autonomic NS (NOT involved in initiation)
Beta blockers for treating Chronic Heart Failure - questions and answers-- beta 1
blockers (heart or kidney) to reduce heart rate and force of contraction
Beta-Adrenergic blocking drugs for Angina pectoris - questions and answers-Reverse
the effects of sympathetic activation.
• Decrease cardiac work and oxygen consumption.
Indication - Long-term (chronic) management of angina pectoris.
, Bile Acid Sequestrants - questions and answers-bile is made in bile vesicles; release
components to digestive system that contribute to the digestion of fats
• These bind bile salts & cholesterol in the intestinal tract ..... decreased bile acid
secreted = decreased fat digestion (or not completely) , so less are absorbed in the
intestine meaning more are just pooped out
Calcium channel blockers for angina pectoris - questions and answers-• Inhibit the influx
of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle.
Enable arteriolar vasodilation and reduce blood pressure.
Inhibiting contraction = vasodilation effect
• Administered on a daily basis to prevent angina.
Preferred drugs for treatment of variant or Prinzmetal angina and to relieve vasospasm.
Cardiac glycosides for treating Chronic Heart Failure - questions and answers-- cardiac
glycosides to increase the force of myocardial contractions & stimulate the Vagas nerve
Cardiac Output (CO) - questions and answers-Volume of blood pumped per beat
• Determined by heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV).
• CO = HR × SV
Cholesterol & atherosclerosis risk factors - questions and answers-• related to lifestyles
& age (metabolism changes; efficiency to eliminate cholesterol from the blood)
• also a genetic component
Chronic Heart Failure - questions and answers-• Decreased contractile ability leading to
insufficient pumping of the blood volume in the heart
• Enlargement of the heart due to the accumulation of blood inside the chambers.
Brings about thinning of the myocardium walls
Clinical strategy for triglyceride levels - questions and answers-Lower LDL cholesterol
and increase HDL cholesterol.
Coagulation - questions and answers-process by which the blood changes from a liquid
to a solid "plug" as a reaction to local tissue injury; normal
blood clot formation.
conduction system - questions and answers-a group of specialized cardiac muscle cells
in the walls of the heart that coordinates contractions of both sides of the heart
