APEA PMHNP 3P Exam Prep

PMHNP 3P Exam Prep Most common type of skin cancer in USA - Skin cancer Most common type of skin cancer - basal cell carcinoma basal cell carcinoma symptoms - Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump, pink to pearly white Basal cell carcinoma common locations - cheeks, nose, face, neck, arms, back basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard - biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm Actinic keratosis - Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture --> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard - Biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard - small- cryotherapy large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze, crust, scab and be red **5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!**squamous cell cancer - chronic red scaly rough textured lesion w/ irregular borders crusting or bleeding may be present Squamous cell carcinoma common locations - rims of ears, lips, nose, face and top of hands precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer - actinic keratosis squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by? - biopsy gold standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology . Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma) - Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to UV light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE) - asymmetry (shape/uneven texture) border (irregular/notched/blurred) color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light brown) diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger) evolving (changes in color/size/shape) may be itchy