ROADTODEMOCRACYESSAYSAMPLE(
TALKS/
NEGOTI
ATI
ONS)
NOTE:youri
ntr
oduct
ionandconcl
usi
oni
shi
ghl
i
ghtedwi
thgreen
col
our
.Yourli
nesofargument
sarehi
ghl
i
ght
edwit
hredcol
our.
Onewoul dt otal
lyagreewi ththest
atementt hatitwasleadershi
p,
negotiati
onsandcompr omisesamongv ar
iousleadersthat
ensuredt hatSouthAf r
icabecomeademocr ati
cstate.For
exampl e,NelsonMandel aandDeKlerkwor kedtogetherincl
uding
otherorganisati
onst obr i
ngdemocrat i
cSout hAfri
caon1994.
(Makesur eyourint
roduct i
onisnotlongerthan5pages)
I
n1981, FW DeKl erkreplacedPW Bothaasast atepresidentof
SouthAfr
icaandi mmedi atel
ymadedr asticchangesby
unbanni
ngpol i
ti
calparti
esandr el
easepol i
ti
calprisoners.De
Kler
kmadeanannouncementf orthereleaseofNel sonMandel a
on11Febr uary1990.Thiswasahugest eptakenbyDeKl er
kand
i
tgavepeopl ehopethattheapar t
hei
dwascomi ngt oanend.
(Makesurey ourbackgroundisnotmor ethan5l ines).
TheNat i
onal Part
y( NP)andAf ri
canNat ionalCongr ess( ANC)
delegati
onmetatt wol ocati
onst odiscusst hewayonhowt hey
willworktogethertowardsthedemocr ati
cSout hAf rica.Thef i
rst
meet i
ngwashel din2May1990att heof f
ici
alresidenthouseof
GrooteSchuurandi twascall
edt heGr ootSchuurMeet i
ng.I nthi
s
meet i
ngbot hANCandNPagr eedonendi ngv i
olencewhi chwer e
occurri
ngint hecountryandtowor ktogethertowar dst he
processofnegot i
ationsortal
kst obr i
ngademocr ati
cSout h
Afri
ca.Thesecondmeet ingwer eheldatPr etori
aon6August
1990whi chledtoanagr eementcal ledthePr etori
aMi nutes.Here
theANCgov ernmentagreedt hattheywi l
lsuspendt hear med
, struggl
eandt heNPgov ernmentagreedtoendt hestat
eof
emer gency.Ot hermaj orl
awwer er
emov ed.TheGroupAreasAct
andRegi st
rationPopul ati
onwer eal
soremov ed.Thi
sconvinced
countri
esthati mposedsanct ionstoS.Aandboy cott
stostop
them.Thus, thel eader
shipandnegot i
ati
onsandcompr omises
amongv ar
iousl eadersensuredthatSouthAfri
cabecomea
democr ati
ccount r
yin1994.
Although, thev i
olencedidnotst opint hecount rybetween
Inkandl aFreedom Par ty(
IFP)andANC.TheI FPsuppor ters
attackedANConcommut ert rainsandl edi ntoalmost573deat hs.
Itwasemer gedthattheNPgov ernmenthandedweapont oIFP
suppor terstoeliminateANCsuppor t
ers.Thi screatedahuge
distrustbet weenANCandI FPi ncludingNP.Anot herv i
olence
occur redinSebokengi nhost elswhent heI FPattackedANC
strongholdandal most30peopl edied.Mor eover,another
violenceoccur redinZonki zizweTownshi pi nGer mistonin
Gaut engbet weensuppor tersoft heIFPandt heANC.The
ongoi ngv i
olencebet weent heANCandI FPmember sledintoa
Sev enDayWaratPi etermar isbur g(PMB) .Therefore,thev i
olence
anduncer tainl
ythatconf r
ont edSout hAf ricaintheear l
y1980s
almostdel ay edthepr ocessofnegot iati
ons.
Mor eov er,thefor
mal negotiationsoccur r
edon20December
1990atConv enti
onf orDemocr ati
cSout hAf r
ica( CODESA1)at
TradeWor kCentreatKempt onPar k.Nineteenpol i
ti
cal
organisat i
onsincludingUNOandcommonweal th.Ev enthough
talkssomet imesbrokedownbutt heDecl arati
onofI ntentwas
signed.I twasagr eedt hatSout hAfri
cashoul dbeanundi vi
ded
count r
y .Freefrom apar t
heid, discr
iminationandal lotherformsof
prejudices.Thisalsol edi nt
oaccount abil
ityofameet ingbyfour
groupst hatwerepr eparingf orthefuturemeet i
ngwhi chwas
TALKS/
NEGOTI
ATI
ONS)
NOTE:youri
ntr
oduct
ionandconcl
usi
oni
shi
ghl
i
ghtedwi
thgreen
col
our
.Yourli
nesofargument
sarehi
ghl
i
ght
edwit
hredcol
our.
Onewoul dt otal
lyagreewi ththest
atementt hatitwasleadershi
p,
negotiati
onsandcompr omisesamongv ar
iousleadersthat
ensuredt hatSouthAf r
icabecomeademocr ati
cstate.For
exampl e,NelsonMandel aandDeKlerkwor kedtogetherincl
uding
otherorganisati
onst obr i
ngdemocrat i
cSout hAfri
caon1994.
(Makesur eyourint
roduct i
onisnotlongerthan5pages)
I
n1981, FW DeKl erkreplacedPW Bothaasast atepresidentof
SouthAfr
icaandi mmedi atel
ymadedr asticchangesby
unbanni
ngpol i
ti
calparti
esandr el
easepol i
ti
calprisoners.De
Kler
kmadeanannouncementf orthereleaseofNel sonMandel a
on11Febr uary1990.Thiswasahugest eptakenbyDeKl er
kand
i
tgavepeopl ehopethattheapar t
hei
dwascomi ngt oanend.
(Makesurey ourbackgroundisnotmor ethan5l ines).
TheNat i
onal Part
y( NP)andAf ri
canNat ionalCongr ess( ANC)
delegati
onmetatt wol ocati
onst odiscusst hewayonhowt hey
willworktogethertowardsthedemocr ati
cSout hAf rica.Thef i
rst
meet i
ngwashel din2May1990att heof f
ici
alresidenthouseof
GrooteSchuurandi twascall
edt heGr ootSchuurMeet i
ng.I nthi
s
meet i
ngbot hANCandNPagr eedonendi ngv i
olencewhi chwer e
occurri
ngint hecountryandtowor ktogethertowar dst he
processofnegot i
ationsortal
kst obr i
ngademocr ati
cSout h
Afri
ca.Thesecondmeet ingwer eheldatPr etori
aon6August
1990whi chledtoanagr eementcal ledthePr etori
aMi nutes.Here
theANCgov ernmentagreedt hattheywi l
lsuspendt hear med
, struggl
eandt heNPgov ernmentagreedtoendt hestat
eof
emer gency.Ot hermaj orl
awwer er
emov ed.TheGroupAreasAct
andRegi st
rationPopul ati
onwer eal
soremov ed.Thi
sconvinced
countri
esthati mposedsanct ionstoS.Aandboy cott
stostop
them.Thus, thel eader
shipandnegot i
ati
onsandcompr omises
amongv ar
iousl eadersensuredthatSouthAfri
cabecomea
democr ati
ccount r
yin1994.
Although, thev i
olencedidnotst opint hecount rybetween
Inkandl aFreedom Par ty(
IFP)andANC.TheI FPsuppor ters
attackedANConcommut ert rainsandl edi ntoalmost573deat hs.
Itwasemer gedthattheNPgov ernmenthandedweapont oIFP
suppor terstoeliminateANCsuppor t
ers.Thi screatedahuge
distrustbet weenANCandI FPi ncludingNP.Anot herv i
olence
occur redinSebokengi nhost elswhent heI FPattackedANC
strongholdandal most30peopl edied.Mor eover,another
violenceoccur redinZonki zizweTownshi pi nGer mistonin
Gaut engbet weensuppor tersoft heIFPandt heANC.The
ongoi ngv i
olencebet weent heANCandI FPmember sledintoa
Sev enDayWaratPi etermar isbur g(PMB) .Therefore,thev i
olence
anduncer tainl
ythatconf r
ont edSout hAf ricaintheear l
y1980s
almostdel ay edthepr ocessofnegot iati
ons.
Mor eov er,thefor
mal negotiationsoccur r
edon20December
1990atConv enti
onf orDemocr ati
cSout hAf r
ica( CODESA1)at
TradeWor kCentreatKempt onPar k.Nineteenpol i
ti
cal
organisat i
onsincludingUNOandcommonweal th.Ev enthough
talkssomet imesbrokedownbutt heDecl arati
onofI ntentwas
signed.I twasagr eedt hatSout hAfri
cashoul dbeanundi vi
ded
count r
y .Freefrom apar t
heid, discr
iminationandal lotherformsof
prejudices.Thisalsol edi nt
oaccount abil
ityofameet ingbyfour
groupst hatwerepr eparingf orthefuturemeet i
ngwhi chwas
