Unit 0 - Grade 11 Review

Unit 0 - Chemistry Notes

, Nomenclature Review
NOTE: The IUPAC method is used unless otherwise indicated.

1. Binary Compounds
● Contains two elements:
○ First element = POSITIVE valence
○ Second element = NEGATIVE valence
● To name, change the ending of the second element to “IDE” (except with binary acids)
● To write the chemical formula, subscripts are reduced to simplest whole number ratio (except
with peroxides)
● Sample Binary Compounds: each element only has one common valence
○ Calcium bromide - CaBr​2
○ Aluminum - AlN
○ Lithium Oxide - Li​2​O
○ Calcium Carbide - Ca​2​C
● Variable Valence Binary Compounds:
○ A roman number indicates what the valence of the first element is
■ Tin (IV) chloride - SnCl​4
■ Sulphur (VI) oxide - SO​3
■ Lead (II) Bromide - PbBr​2
■ Iron (II) Oxide - FeO
○ i) Ous/ic Method
■ Ous ending indicates that the element has the lower positive valence
■ Ic ending indicates that the element has the higher positive valence
■ Do not use this method unless you are directed to do so
● Ferric chloride - FeCl​3
● Arsenous Oxide - As​2​O​3
● Mercurous Chloride - HgCl
● Phosphoric Nitride - P​3​N​5
○ ii) Greek Prefix Method
■ Greek prefix is placed in front of each element to indicate how many atoms of
each element are in the compound
■ EXCEPTION: if first element has one atom, “mono” is omitted
■ DO NOT use valences when using this method
● 1 - mono 2 - di 3 - tri
● 4 - tetra 5 - penta 6 - hexa
● 7 - hepta 8 - octa 9 - nona 10 - deca
● Diarsenic Trisulfide - As​2​S​3
● Carbon Tetrachloride - CCl​4
● Diantimony pentoxide - Sb​2​O​5
● Carbon Monoxide CO
● Peroxides: Contains ONE more OXYGEN than the normal binary oxide
○ Calcium peroxide - CaO​2
○ Sodium Peroxide - Na​2​O​2
● Binary Acids:
○ First element is always hydrogen
○ Name begins with hydro- and ends with -ic acid