HTHS 1111 UNIT 18 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE 2024 GRADED A

Occurs mainly in the small intestines. Nutrients move from the GI tract to the bloodstream absorption Removing undigested or waste material from the body defecation This process starts with saliva in the mouth and includes mechanical and chemical processes digestion process of taking in food ingestion muscular movements that aid in the breakdown and movement of food mixing and propulsion substances released that aid in the breakdown and absorption of nutrients secretion Salivary glands secrete amylase which begins the breakdown of carbohydrates. This is an example of what type of digestion? chemical Muscles of the stomach churn, helping to breakdown food. This is an example of what type of digestion? Mechanical What structure prevents a bolus of food from going down the trachea? epiglottis esophageal sphincter larynx pyloric sphincter epiglottis Where does most of the absorption of nutrients occur? esophagus large intestines small intestines stomach small intestines Where does most of the absorption of water occur? esophagus small intestines large intestines stomach large intestines Feces are stored in the __________ until it is convenient (and socially acceptable) to defecate. colon duodenum ilium rectum rectum Food in the mouth begins it's breakdown through chemical and mechanical digestion. As it enters the esophagus it is now called______________. Further digestion occurs in the stomach. As this substance enters the duodenum it's called _______________. Unabsorbed matter that enters the rectum is called_________________. bolus chyme feces 1. lumen 2. mucosa 3. submucosa 4. muscularis 5. subserosa/serosa Identify 1-5 on the pictures Which histology layer is the most superficial and contains areolar connective tissue? serosa Which layer is the deepest and contains epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae? mucosa Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of GI histology from deep to superficial? mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa In the abdominal cavity, this layer forms part of the peritoneum serosa body's mechanism for processing and absorbing nutrients, biochemical substances that are necessary for life. digestive system Smooth (involuntary) muscle, usually in two layers, lines the rest of the GI tract and keeps materials moving through peristalsis The serosa is made up of areolar connective tissue covered by a simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium). In the abdominal cavity, the serosa is called the visceral peritoneum *peritoneal cavity.* toward the cheek buccal toward the tongue lingual for teeth, towards the surface where they meet other teeth occlusal toward the midline mesial (did they mean "medial"?) farther away from the midline distal (Latin incisus, "cut into") - sharp cutting teeth incisors (canine) teeth (Latin, cuspis, "point, spear") cuspids (premolars) bicuspids (Latin molere, "grindstone") molars Latin decidere, "to fall off", same as deciduous trees lose their leaves. Children have ____________ deciduous teeth 20 Total amount of teeth in an adult 32