Test LRA 223, 224 final study review questions an d Answers Latest Verified On average, how many separate bones make up the adult vertebral column? - CORRECT ANSWER -26 The gonion corresponds to the level of? - CORRECT ANSWER -C3 A radiograph of an AP open -mouth projection reveals that the base of the skull is superimposed over the dens. What positioning error led to this radiographic outcome? - CORRECT ANSWER -Excessive skull extension What is the name of the fracture that results from hyperflexion of the neck, results in avulsion fractures on the spinous processes of C6 through T1. The fracture is best demonstrated on a lateral cervical spine radiograph. - CORRECT ANSWER -Clay Shoveler's Fracture This condition is inflammation of the vertebrae. - CORRECT ANSWER -Spondylitis Identify landmark labeled "c" - CORRECT ANSWER -Iliac Crest (L4 -5) What type of CR angulation is required for an AP axial projection of the coccyx? - CORRECT ANSWER -10 degrees caudad A patient comes to radiology for a follow -up study for a Clay Shoveler's fracture. What projection will best demonstrate the extent of this fracture? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Lateral cervical spine projection Which specific aspect of the sacrum articulates with the ilium to form the sacroiliac joints? - CORRECT ANSWER -Auricular surface Identify the projection on this radiograph. - CORRECT ANSWER -AP axial sacrum A radiograph of a lateral projection of the lumbar spine reveals that the mid -to lower -
intervertebral joint spaces are not open. The patient's waist was supported. Which modifications will help open joint spaces during the repeat exposure? - CORRECT ANSWER -Increase waist support and/or angle CR 5 to 8 degrees caudal. A radiograph of an AP open -mouth projection of the cervical spine reveals that the zygapophyseal joints are not symmetric. No fracture or subluxation is present. Which one of the following positioning errors most likely led to this radiographic outcome? - CORRECT ANSWER -Rotation of the spine. A congenital condition in which the posterior aspects of the vertebrae fail to develop, thus exposing part of the spinal cord. This condition varies greatly in severity and occurs most often at L5. - CORRECT ANSWER -Spina Bifida A radiograph of a lateral thoracic spine reveals that there is excessive density along the posterior aspect of the spine. Even with good collimation, the scatter radiation reaching the image receptor obscures the spinous processes. What can the technologis t do to improve the visibility of the post? - CORRECT ANSWER -Place a led mat posterior to the spine. Which of the thoracic vertebra(e) poses no facets for costrotransverse joints? - CORRECT ANSWER -T11-T12 A patient comes to radiology for a follow -up study of the lumbar spine. The patient had a spinal fusion performed at the L3 -4 level 4 months earlier. Which of the following would best demonstrate the degree of movement at the fusion site? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Lateral hyperextension/flexion The average degree of rotation required to demonstrate the L3 -4 zygapophyseal joints is: - CORRECT ANSWER -45 degrees Along with the upper incisors, what other bony landmark must be aligned for the AP open -mouth projection? - CORRECT ANSWER -Base of the skull A lateral projection of the thoracic spine reveals that the upper aspect, which is a primary area of interest on this patient, is obscured by the patient's shoulders. Which of the following changes will best demonstrate this region of the spine? - CORRECT ANSWER -Perform a cervicothoracic (swimmer's) lateral position. What structure is located at the level of the ASIS? - CORRECT ANSWER -S1-2 The AP open -mouth projection is taken for trauma evaluation. It reveals that the base of the skull and upper incisors are superimposed, but they are obscuring the upper portion of the dens. On the repeat exposure, what alternative view can be done? - CORRE CT ANSWER -Fuchs or Judd The bony structures connected directly to the vertebral body are: - CORRECT ANSWER -Pedicles A hyperflexion force that causes fracture through the vertebral body and posterior elements. Patients wearing lap -type seat belts are at risk because these belts act as a fulcrum during sudden deceleration. - CORRECT ANSWER -Chance Fractures Identify the pathology in this radiograph of the lumbar spine: - CORRECT ANSWER -
Compression Fracture
Lateral cervical spine projection Which specific aspect of the sacrum articulates with the ilium to form the sacroiliac joints? - CORRECT ANSWER -Auricular surface Identify the projection on this radiograph. - CORRECT ANSWER -AP axial sacrum A radiograph of a lateral projection of the lumbar spine reveals that the mid -to lower -
intervertebral joint spaces are not open. The patient's waist was supported. Which modifications will help open joint spaces during the repeat exposure? - CORRECT ANSWER -Increase waist support and/or angle CR 5 to 8 degrees caudal. A radiograph of an AP open -mouth projection of the cervical spine reveals that the zygapophyseal joints are not symmetric. No fracture or subluxation is present. Which one of the following positioning errors most likely led to this radiographic outcome? - CORRECT ANSWER -Rotation of the spine. A congenital condition in which the posterior aspects of the vertebrae fail to develop, thus exposing part of the spinal cord. This condition varies greatly in severity and occurs most often at L5. - CORRECT ANSWER -Spina Bifida A radiograph of a lateral thoracic spine reveals that there is excessive density along the posterior aspect of the spine. Even with good collimation, the scatter radiation reaching the image receptor obscures the spinous processes. What can the technologis t do to improve the visibility of the post? - CORRECT ANSWER -Place a led mat posterior to the spine. Which of the thoracic vertebra(e) poses no facets for costrotransverse joints? - CORRECT ANSWER -T11-T12 A patient comes to radiology for a follow -up study of the lumbar spine. The patient had a spinal fusion performed at the L3 -4 level 4 months earlier. Which of the following would best demonstrate the degree of movement at the fusion site? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Lateral hyperextension/flexion The average degree of rotation required to demonstrate the L3 -4 zygapophyseal joints is: - CORRECT ANSWER -45 degrees Along with the upper incisors, what other bony landmark must be aligned for the AP open -mouth projection? - CORRECT ANSWER -Base of the skull A lateral projection of the thoracic spine reveals that the upper aspect, which is a primary area of interest on this patient, is obscured by the patient's shoulders. Which of the following changes will best demonstrate this region of the spine? - CORRECT ANSWER -Perform a cervicothoracic (swimmer's) lateral position. What structure is located at the level of the ASIS? - CORRECT ANSWER -S1-2 The AP open -mouth projection is taken for trauma evaluation. It reveals that the base of the skull and upper incisors are superimposed, but they are obscuring the upper portion of the dens. On the repeat exposure, what alternative view can be done? - CORRE CT ANSWER -Fuchs or Judd The bony structures connected directly to the vertebral body are: - CORRECT ANSWER -Pedicles A hyperflexion force that causes fracture through the vertebral body and posterior elements. Patients wearing lap -type seat belts are at risk because these belts act as a fulcrum during sudden deceleration. - CORRECT ANSWER -Chance Fractures Identify the pathology in this radiograph of the lumbar spine: - CORRECT ANSWER -
Compression Fracture
