Older Adult Exam 1 Practice Questions with verified
solution
1.The nurse is setting up an education session with an 85-year-old patient
who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy. Which strategy would
reflect consideration of aging changes that may exist with this patient?
A. Show a colorful video about anticoagulation therapy.
B. Present all the information in one session just before discharge.
C. Give the patient pamphlets about the medications to read at home.
D. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented.
: D. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information
presented.
Rationale: Option D addresses altered perception in two ways. First, by
using visual aids to reinforce verbal instructions, one addresses the
possibility of decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds. By
developing the handouts in large print, one addresses the possibility of
decreased visual acuity. Option A does not allow discussion of the
information; furthermore, the text and print may be small and difficult to
read and understand.
2.When developing the plan of care for an older adult who is hospitalized
for an acute illness, the nurse should
A. use a standardized geriatric nursing care plan.
B. plan for likely long-term-care transfer to allow additional time for recovery
C. consider the preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals.
D. minimize activity level during hospitalization.: C. consider the
preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals.
Rationale: The plan of care for older adults should be individualized and
,based on the patients current functional abilities. A standardized
geriatric nursing care plan is unlikely to address individual patient
needs and strengths. A patients need for discharge to a long-term-care
facility is variable. Activity level should be designed to allow the patient
to retain functional abilities while hospitalized and also to allow any
additional rest needed for recovery from the acute process.
3.Which information obtained by the home health nurse when making a
visit to an 88-year-old with mild forgetfulness is of the most concern?
A. The patient's son uses a marked pillbox to set up the patient's
medications weekly.
B. The patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month.
C. The patient is cared for by a daughter during the day and stays with a
son at night.
,D.The patient tells the nurse that a close friend recently died.: B. The
patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month.
Rationale: A 10-pound weight loss may be an indication of elder neglect
or depres- sion and requires further assessment by the nurse.
4.A 70-year-old client asks the nurse to explain to her about
hypertension. An appropriate response by the nurse as to why older
clients often have hypertension is due to:
A. Myocardial muscle damage
B. Reduction in physical activity
C. Ingestion of foods high in sodium
D. Accumulation of plaque on arterial walls: D. Accumulation of plaque on
arterial walls
5.In reviewing changes in the older adult, the nurse recognizes that which
of the following statements related to cognitive functioning in the older
client is true?
A. Delirium is usually easily distinguished from irreversible dementia.
B. Therapeutic drug intoxication is a common cause of senile dementia.
C. Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a cause of delirium.
D. Cognitive deterioration is an inevitable outcome of the human aging
process.: C. Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a
cause of delirium.
Rationale: Delirium is a potentially reversible cognitive impairment that
is often due to a physiological cause such as an electrolyte imbalance,
cerebral anoxia, hypoglycemia, medications, tumors, cerebrovascular
infection, or hemorrhage.
6.Which of the following interventions should be taken to help an older
client to prevent osteoporosis?
A. Decrease dietary calcium intake.
B. Increase sedentary lifestyles
C. Increase dietary protein intake.
D. Encourage regular exercise.: D. Encourage regular exercise.
Rationale: Key word in question is prevent
Weight-bearing exercises helps to fight off degeneration of bone in
, osteoporosis
solution
1.The nurse is setting up an education session with an 85-year-old patient
who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy. Which strategy would
reflect consideration of aging changes that may exist with this patient?
A. Show a colorful video about anticoagulation therapy.
B. Present all the information in one session just before discharge.
C. Give the patient pamphlets about the medications to read at home.
D. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented.
: D. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information
presented.
Rationale: Option D addresses altered perception in two ways. First, by
using visual aids to reinforce verbal instructions, one addresses the
possibility of decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds. By
developing the handouts in large print, one addresses the possibility of
decreased visual acuity. Option A does not allow discussion of the
information; furthermore, the text and print may be small and difficult to
read and understand.
2.When developing the plan of care for an older adult who is hospitalized
for an acute illness, the nurse should
A. use a standardized geriatric nursing care plan.
B. plan for likely long-term-care transfer to allow additional time for recovery
C. consider the preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals.
D. minimize activity level during hospitalization.: C. consider the
preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals.
Rationale: The plan of care for older adults should be individualized and
,based on the patients current functional abilities. A standardized
geriatric nursing care plan is unlikely to address individual patient
needs and strengths. A patients need for discharge to a long-term-care
facility is variable. Activity level should be designed to allow the patient
to retain functional abilities while hospitalized and also to allow any
additional rest needed for recovery from the acute process.
3.Which information obtained by the home health nurse when making a
visit to an 88-year-old with mild forgetfulness is of the most concern?
A. The patient's son uses a marked pillbox to set up the patient's
medications weekly.
B. The patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month.
C. The patient is cared for by a daughter during the day and stays with a
son at night.
,D.The patient tells the nurse that a close friend recently died.: B. The
patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month.
Rationale: A 10-pound weight loss may be an indication of elder neglect
or depres- sion and requires further assessment by the nurse.
4.A 70-year-old client asks the nurse to explain to her about
hypertension. An appropriate response by the nurse as to why older
clients often have hypertension is due to:
A. Myocardial muscle damage
B. Reduction in physical activity
C. Ingestion of foods high in sodium
D. Accumulation of plaque on arterial walls: D. Accumulation of plaque on
arterial walls
5.In reviewing changes in the older adult, the nurse recognizes that which
of the following statements related to cognitive functioning in the older
client is true?
A. Delirium is usually easily distinguished from irreversible dementia.
B. Therapeutic drug intoxication is a common cause of senile dementia.
C. Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a cause of delirium.
D. Cognitive deterioration is an inevitable outcome of the human aging
process.: C. Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a
cause of delirium.
Rationale: Delirium is a potentially reversible cognitive impairment that
is often due to a physiological cause such as an electrolyte imbalance,
cerebral anoxia, hypoglycemia, medications, tumors, cerebrovascular
infection, or hemorrhage.
6.Which of the following interventions should be taken to help an older
client to prevent osteoporosis?
A. Decrease dietary calcium intake.
B. Increase sedentary lifestyles
C. Increase dietary protein intake.
D. Encourage regular exercise.: D. Encourage regular exercise.
Rationale: Key word in question is prevent
Weight-bearing exercises helps to fight off degeneration of bone in
, osteoporosis
