Cybersecurity - PLTW EoC Exam Questions And Answers With Latest Updates

malware - software spread by people through website, email and messages. o Viruses infect your computer and cause problems worm - unlike a virus, a worm does not need a human to spread. o It will replicate on its own to infect other computers backdoor - malicious software that gets passed normally restricted access. spyware - software that secretly collect information about you. o Sits on websites or other services such as emails trojan horse - malicious program disguised as legitimate software o Users may download it accidentally thinking it was an actual software .bat - Batch File -> Open a Batch file script .vbs - VPScript (Virtual Basic Script) -> Open VBScript .hta - HTML -> Open a Program * - used to find any word or file name. datemodified:today and datemodified[date] - used to find files that are modified on that specific date. kind:= - used to find a file in a specific :=folder - used to find a file in any folder. *SEC kind:=folder - used to find SEC in any file name in any folder. kind=* - used to find any kind of file. datemodified:* - used to find a file form any date. Using ______, you can exclude things in your search? - NOT CIA Triad stands for... - Confidentiality Integrity Availability Confidentiality in the CIA Triad means... - o Government Secrets o Access codes to critical systems o Financial information such as bank account and credit card numbers Integrity in the CIA Triad means... - o Air traffic control data o Hospital data such as prescription doses and surgery schedules Availability in the CIA Triad means... - o Movie times o Shopping sites o Search engines and results disconnect - an add-on that prevents extra websites not related to the original website from the popping uppassive analysis - searching through a websites details without affecting their systems. AWS - secure cloud service that is an expansion of different services and serves many functions. Cloud9 - a way for us to access data without hurting your computer. Whois - shows when it was created and by whom, shows info about URL. sudo yum install - install code system. Nslookup - allows user to find domain names URLs and IP addresses. Traceroute - shows the path a network, server and domain goes. -d - omits domain name translation. Netstat - converts IP addresses to domain names. -n - numeric IP addresses. Botnet - software that replicates and infects many computers, turning the computer into a "zombie". o Zombie devices are remotely controlled by an attacker for malicious purposes. Keylogger - software/hardware that tracks what key's are pressed to gain info from the user. Man in the Middle - human based attack where a user finds communication between the computer and the internet.Ransomware - software locks computer to where the user must pay to remove it. Rootkit - software with elevated privileges to control a computer/gain restricted accounts and data. Programming Error - bugs/problems in the program that allow attackers to access the computer. Ping Flood - attacker overwhelms user with packets. Ping of Death - sends malicious ping to a computer. Smurf Attack - send packets to exploit broadcast networks. Mailbomb - attempting to overflow a mailbox. Teardrop - sending fragments of packets to one computer. MAC Addresses - permanent identifier of a network device. o used to know where send things Hexadecimal - base-16 number system (0-9 & A-F) NIC - network interface card, a physical component on a computer or device that provides connectivity to a network. IEEE - Institute of Electrical Electronic Engineers - known for developing standards in the computer and electronics industries.TCP Handshake - a 3-way communication method using... o SYN (synchronize) o SYN-ACK (synchronize = acknowledge) o ACK (acknowledge) to establish a connection between hosts