Phil 347 Week 3 Checkpoint Questions with Correct Answers

According to the text, how do the views of stronger, more developed critical thinkers toward authority differ from those in earlier stages of cognitive development? Correct Answer According to the text, the stronger, more developed critical thinkers are skeptical and will not believe an authority figure unless they've done their research. They know that the word "authority" is ambiguous and has two meanings, which can confuse. More advanced critical thinkers view authority as someone who offers expertise. Briefly, in your own words, state how the text defines "expert." Correct Answer someone who has thoroughly learned a subject and is also experienced in the subject or field. When presented with a claim unsupported by reasons (for example, "the health risks of vaping have been underestimated"), what three options does a critical thinker have to evaluate such a claim? Correct Answer Evaluating the substance Evaluating the source Obtaining an independent verification Is the following statement true or untrue? Explain your answer. "If a claim cannot be confirmed by an independent investigation, then it must be false." Correct Answer Just because a claim can't be confirmed independently doesn't automatically make it false; it could still be true but just unverified. Is the following statement true or untrue? Explain your answer. "If we do not believe that a claim is true, then we must believe that the claim is false. Correct Answer This statement is untrue. The reason for this is simple, if we think the claim is not true we can still research the claim and find out it is true.