MedSurg Final Exam Questions and Answers

Heparin is ordered for a patient with a non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). What is the purpose of the heparin? - c. Heparin prevents the development of new clots in the coronary arteries. A male client with a history of cirrhosis and alcoholism is admitted with severe dyspnea resulted to ascites. The nurse should be aware that the ascites is most likely the result of increased - 1. Pressure in the portal vein Marie, a 51-year-old woman, is diagnosed with cholecystitis. Which diet, when selected by the client, indicates that the nurse's teaching has been successful? - Low-fat, high-carbohydrate meals Which data will the nurse monitor in relation to the 4+ pitting edema assessed in a patient with cirrhosis? - Albumin level Which assessment finding indicates that lactulose is effective in decreasing the ammonia level in the client with hepatic encephalopathy? - Passage of two or three soft stools daily A young woman who is 4 months pregnant comes into the ED with complaints of terrible indigestion pain, N/V and tooth pain. Which assessment finding collected by the admitting nurse suggests it is an AMI instead of gallbladder attack? - Pain lasted longer than 30 min with no decrease in intensity or rest The nurse is caring for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver who has developed esophageal varices. Best explanation for development of varices is: - Increased portal pressure causes some of the blood that normally circulates through the liver to be shunted to esophageal vessels, increasing pressure and causing varicosities The nurse will teach the patient diagnosed with Hep B about: - measures for improving the appetiteA 24 year old female contracts hepatitis from contaminated food. During the acute phase of the patient's illness, the nurse would expect to reveal - anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin A 51 year old woman had incisional cholecystectomy 6 hours ago. The nurse will place the highest priority on assisting the patient to: - turn, cough and deep breath every 2 hours Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect a client diagnoses with acute cholecystitis to exhibit? - Nausea, vomiting and anorexia A 55 year old patient admitted with an abrupt onset of jaundice and nausea has abnormal liver function studies but serologic testing negative for hepatitis. Which question by the nurse is most appropriate? - Do you use any over the counter drugs? A nurse is completing the admission assessment of a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following findings is priority to be reported? - Hand spasms present when blood pressure is checked A serum potassium level of 3.2 is reported for a patient with cirrhosis who has scheduled doses of spironolactone and Lasix, what should the nurse do? - Administer the spironolactone