IMPORTANT CHEM 162 CONCEPTS Correctly Answered Questions| UpToDate | Already Graded A+

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States : 1. Elements in their elemental form are in the zero oxidation state. 2. Group 1 metals are +1 and Group 2 metals are +2. 3. Hydrogen is +1 except when bonded to a metal only (then it's -1) 4. Transition elements must be determined from anion's charge (except Al = +3, Zn = +2, Cd = +2, Ag = +1) 5. The most electronegative elements get their typical oxidation state. 6. The last element not assigned balances the charge of the compound/ion. Rules for Balancing Redox Reactions (Half Rxn Method) : IF ACID 1. Split into half reactions 2. Balance all elements EXCEPT oxygen and hydrogen 3. Balance oxygen by adding H2O 4. Balance hydrogen by adding H+ 5. Balance charge by adding electrons 6. Multiply half reactions by factors to make number of electrons the same 7. Combine half reactions, canceling anything that shows up on both side