Bontrager Ch 8 Self test Questions And Answers With Complete Updates

at which vetebral level does the solid spinal cord terminate - lower border of the first lumbar (L1) vertebrae how many segments make up the sacrum in the neonate - 5 which division(s) of the spine is described as possessing a primary curve - thoracic and sacral true or false the lumbar possesses a concave posterior spinal curvature - true an abnormal or exaggerated thoracic spinal curvature w/ increased convexity is called what - kyphosis an abnormal exaggerated lateral spinal curvature is called what - scoliosis what is the correct term for the condition involving a "slipped disk" - herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) the superior and inferior vertebral notches create which foramina? - intervertebral foramina which joints are found between the superior and inferior articular processes - zygapophyseal joints which structure makes up the inner aspect of the intervertebral disk - nucleus pulposus true or false the carotid artery and certain nerves pass through the cervical transverse foramina - false tru or false the thoracic spine pocesses facets for ribs articulations and bifid spinous processes - falsethe intervertebral foramina for the cervical spine lie at a__________ angle to the midsaggital - 45' which ligament holds the dens against the anterior arch of C1 - transverse atlantal ligament the large joint space between C1 and C2 is called the - zygapophyseal joint two partial facets found on the thoracic vertebrae are called - demifacets which thoracic vertebrae(s) does not possess a facet for the costotransverse jt - T11 and T12 What are three distinctive features of all cerivcal vertebrae that make them different from any other vertebrae - A. Transverse Foramen B. Bifid Spinous Process C. Overlapping Bodies What is the one feature of all thoracic vertebrae that makes them different from all other vertebrae - Presence of facets for articulation w/ribs Which position of the thoracic spine best demonstrates the intervertebral foramina - Lat position Which position or projection of the cervical spine best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints (between C3 to C7) - Lat position Which specific joint spaces are visualized with a left anterior oblique (LAO) projection of the thoracic spine - left zygapophyseal jt (downside) what is the vertebral level for vertebra prominens - C7-T1 what is the vertebral level for jugular notch - T2-3What is the vertebral level for 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10cm) below jugular notch - T7 what is the vertebral level for gonion - C3 what is the vertebral level for sternal angle - T4-5 what is the vertebral level for thyroid cartilage - C4-C6 which of the following imaging modalities is not normally performed to rule out a herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) - nuclear medicine an avulsion fracture of the spinous processes of C6 through T1 is called a - clay shoveler's fracture scheuermann disease is a form of - scoliosis and/or kyphosis true or false HNP most frequently develops at the L2-3 vertebral level - false which two things can be done to minimize the effects of scatter radiation on lateral projections of the thoracic and lumbar spine - a. close side collimation b. place lead on table top behind patient which position or projection best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints between C1 and C2 - ap open mouth projection how much and in which direction (caudad or cephalad) should the central ray be angled for- an ap axial projections of the cervical spine - 15-20 cephaladhow much and in which direction (caudad or cephalad) should the central ray be angled for an - anterior oblique projection of the cervical spine - 15 cephalad