IB Biology Chapter 5 Questions and Answers Already Passed

IB Biology Chapter 5 Questions and Answers Already Passed When does evolution occur It occurs when the heritable characteristics of a species change What shows that artificial selection can cause evolution selective breeding What are the evidence of evolution The fossil record, selective breeding, homologous structures, speciation, pattern of variation What is the mechanism of evolution Natural selection Analogous structures They are structures with difference in structure but similarity in function. They undergo convergent evolution Homologous structures They have similarity in structure but difference in function. It is called divergent evolution Speciation When populations of a species gradually diverge to become separate species When does natural selection occur It only occurs if there is genetic variation amongst members of the same species What can cause variation Mutation, meiosis and sexual reproduction What are adaptations They are characteristics that make an animal suited to its environment When talking about natural selection genetic variation mutation - crossing over and independent assortment of alleles sexual reproduction inheritance overproduction of offspring struggle for survival - survival of the fittest (differential survival and reproduction) Adaptation Changes over many generations acquired characteristics limited resources competition The original source of variation mutation natural selection increases the frequency of characteristics that make individuals better adapted Examples of natural selection Darwin's finches, peppered moth, antibiotic resistance What is the binomial system of naming It is universal among biologists and it has been agreed and developed by a series of congressess Who are those that classify species using a hierachy of taxa taxonomists What are the three domains for classification Bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes What is the principal taxa for classification kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species