AAOS EMT Chapter 1 &Chapter 2 Study Guide With Practical Questions And Answers.

advanced EMT (AEMT) - correct answer An individual who has training in specific aspects of advanced life support, such as intravenous therapy, and the administration of certain emergency medications. advanced life support (ALS) - correct answer Advanced lifesaving procedures. American with Disabilities Act (ADA) - correct answer Comprehensive legislation that is designed to protect individuals with disabilities against discrimination. automated external defibrillator (AED) - correct answer A device that detects treatable life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia and delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient. certification - correct answer A process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care. continuous quality improvement (CQI) - correct answer A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system. emergency medical dispatch (EMD) - correct answer A system that assists dispatchers in selecting appropriate units to respond to a particular call for assistance and in providing callers with vital instructions until the arrival of EMS crews. emergency medical responder (EMR) - correct answer The first trained individual, such as a police officer, fire fighter, lifeguard, or other rescuer, to arrive at the scene of an emergency to provide initial medical assistance. emergency medical services (EMS) - correct answer A multidisciplinary system that represents the combined efforts of several professionals and agencies to provide prehosptial emergency care to the sick and injured. emergency medical technician (EMT) - correct answer An individual who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - correct answer Federal legislation passed in 1996. Its main effect in EMS is in limiting availability of patients' health care information and penalizing violations of patient privacy. intravenous (IV) therapy - correct answer The delivery of medication directly into a vein. licensure - correct answer The process whereby a state allows individuals to perform a regulated act. medical control - correct answer Physician instructions that are given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-lines/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program. medical director - correct answer The physician who authorizes or delegates to the EMT the authority to provide medical care in the field. National EMS Scope of Practice Model - correct answer A document created by the National Highway Safety Traffic Administration (NHSTA) that outlines the skills performed by various EMS providers. paramedic - correct answer An individual who has extensive training in advanced life support, including endotracheal intubation, emergency pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills. primary prevention - correct answer Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring. primary service area (PSA) - correct answer The designated area in which the EMS service is responsible for the provision of prehospital emergency care and transportation to the hospital. public health - correct answer Focused on examining the health needs of entire populations with the goal of preventing health problems. public safety access point (PSAP) - correct answer A call center, staffed by trained personnel who are responsible for managing requests for police, fire fighting, and ambulance services. quality control - correct answer The responsibility of the medical director to ensure that the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMTs on each call. secondary prevention - correct answer Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or illness that you cannot completely prevent. acute stress reactions - correct answer Reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful situation. airborne transmission - correct answer The spread of an organism in aerosol form. bloodborne pathogens - correct answer Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - correct answer The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services. communicable disease - correct answer A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another. contamination - correct answer The presence of infectious organisms or foreign bodies on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient's body. cover and concealment - correct answer The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection. critical incident stress management (CISM) - correct answer A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium. cumulative stress reactions - correct answer Prolonged or excessive stress. delayed stress reaction - correct answer Reaction to stress that occurs after a stressful situation. designated officer - correct answer The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues. direct contact - correct answer Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact. exposure - correct answer A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur. foodborne transmission - correct answer The contamination of food or water with an organism than can cause disease. general adaptation syndrome - correct answer The body's response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion. hepatitis - correct answer Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function. host - correct answer The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - correct answer Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers. immune - correct answer The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease. indirect contact - correct answer Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object. infection - correct answer The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease. infection control - correct answer Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel. infectious disease - correct answer a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - correct ans