NERC Class 2024 with complete solutions

NERC Class with complete solutions Frequency Bias and Jointly Owned Units (JOU) - Answer -BAs that use dynamic schedule or pseudo-ties for a jointly owned unit share responsibility for it in their bias settings. Fixed schedules for JOU require host BA to include total response for them in their bias setting. Frequency Bias and BA frequency response - Answer -BAs must maintain a frequency bias that is equal to or greater than the BA frequency response. If the frequency bias is less than the frequency response, ACE remains positive and pulses units down, hurting the frequency. If the frequency bias is greater than the frequency response, ACE remains negative and pulses units up, helping the frequency. Frequency Response Characteristic (FRC) - Answer -BAs respond to frequency deviations through a proportional change in load and an inversely proportional change in generation A 1% drop in frequency causes how much load to drop? - Answer -2% load Dynamic Schedule - Answer -Included in the NIS. A telemetered reading updated in RT and used as a schedule in the AGC/ACE EQ and the integration of which is treated as a schedule for interchange accounting purposes. Pseudo-Tie - Answer -Included in the NIA. A telemetered reading updated in RT that represent generation or load assigned dynamically between BAs and used as an imaginary tie-line. No physical tie exists. the integration of which is treated as a schedule for interchange accounting purposes. MSSC - Answer -This can be a loss of load, generation, or transmission. Usually loss of generation. A BA must carry enough contingency reserve to cover the MSSC Operating Reserve - Answer -The energy on hand above system demand required for regulation, load forecasting error, outages, and protection. Consists of spinning, non-spinning, and regulating reserves Used to meet CPS and DCS Contingency Reserves - Answer -Consists only of spin and non-spi