BIO 101 Ch. 14 NVCC Study Guide Questions with Complete Solutions

Garrod hypothesized that inherited diseases such as alkaptonuria, the inability to metabolize the chemical alkapton, occur because A) metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors, and affected individuals have significant nutritional deficiencies B) many metabolic enzymes use DNA as a cofactor, and affected individuals have mutations that prevent their enzymes from interacting efficiently with DNA C) certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and affected individuals lack key splicing factors D) genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes - ANSWER-D) genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes The nitrogenous base adenine is found in all members of which of the following groups of molecules? A) proteins, triglycerides, and testosterone B) proteins, ATP, and DNA C) ATP, RNA, and DNA D) glucose, ATP, and DNA E) proteins, carbohydrates, and ATP - ANSWER-C) ATP, RNA, and DNA A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5'-AGT-3'. The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is A) 3'-UCA-5' B) 3'-UGA-5' C) 5'-TCA-3' D) 3'-ACU-5' E) either UCA or TCA, depending on wobble in the first base - ANSWER-A) 3'-UCA-5' The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. Based on this information, one can logically assume which of the following statements to be correct? A) A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism B) All organisms have experienced convergent evolution C) DNA was the first genetic material