OCR GCSE Music Practice Exam.

Features of *Romantic Songs - Lieder* - correct answer Singer and Piano (reflects mood) Story telling In German Dramatic and Emotional Strophic or through-composed Leitmotifs Features of *Pop Ballads* - correct answer Vocals are important because they tell a story clear and unhidden by vocals Often slow and sad and tell a love story each verse has same rhythm with different lyrics. Rock Ballad = heavy drums, amplified guitar Folk Ballad = acoustic guitar Accompaniement reflects theme of vocals repition and inversion of motifs by the vocalist texture varies to make dynamics more dramaric instrumental where an instrument does a variation of the tune Features of *Classical Concerto* - correct answer Sonata 3 or 4 movements, written for 1 (or 2) instruments each movement has a specific structure (sonata form) Concerto a work for a soloist and an orchestra, 3 movements piano and violin were most popular. Soloist plays a cadenza. Symphony work for an orchestra, 4 movements a massive piece, performances can last an hour may include a choir as well as an orchestra Features of *Jazz* - correct answer Swing could be danced to more structured Bebop fast lots of improv complex harmonies syncopated rhythms irregular phrase lengths Dixieland Jazz mix of brass band marches, ragtime and blues tune would be shared between a few different instruments (often trumpet, trombone and clarinet) Polyphonic and has a full texture Contrasts melody section with rhythm section General swung and syncopated call and response blues notes (major key, flat 3rds, 7ths, and sometimes 5ths) improv Features of *Indian Classical Music* - correct answer Based off of Ragas (a set of between 5 - 8 notes) Spirituality is an important part. Sitar improvises melody If singer takes melody, it is called a dhrupad Tabla is the rhythm section improvise complicated rhythms over the tala. Tambura creates harmony Tambura plays drone, based off of two notes of the raga Features of *Gamelan* - correct answer Two types of scales: Slendro - five notes, evenly spread throughout octave Pelog - seven notes, often only 5 notes are played All parts work around a core melody (called the balungan in javi, pokok in Bali) The tune is repeated throughout, producing a rhythmic cycle (called the gongan) Gongan played by metallophone (e.g the saron) Higher-pitched saron play variations on the main tune, often doubling up notes. Middle-pitched saron play the main tune Lower-pitched instruments play bits of the tune, often missing the last beat of each bar. Other instruments embellish the main tune Other instruments = Gender, bonang, gambang, celempung, rebab, suling Gongs mark time so the performers know where they are in the gongan Gong ageng plays on the last beat of the cycle Smaller section in the gongan are marked by kempul, kenong, and ketuk Has 4 beats per keteg (AKA Bar), gongs accenting the last beat Drummers cue performers (musicians and dancers) and keep tempo heterophonic (parts play variations of a central melody) Features of *Baroque* - correct answer Written in major and minor keys Modulation allows for contrasting sections Use of new structures (e.g. Binary, ternary, rondo, and variation) Sudden dynamic changes (called terraced or stepped dynamics) melody built upon short motifs, so there's a bit of repition simple harmonies, composed of triads. The melody has a lot of ornaments The texture's often contrapuntal (polyphonic) Harpsichord would play the basso continuo (continuous bass part)