NUR 131 Exam 3 Study Questions and Answers Graded A 2024

carbs, lipids, proteins, water, vitamins, minerals - What are the 6 classes of nutrients? carbs, proteins, lipids - What are the 3 macronutrients? calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, minerals - What are the micronutrients? carbohydrates - complex & simple saccharides; main source of energy for the body 4 kcal/g - How many calories in each gram of protein or carbohydrate? corn syrup, honey, milk, table sugar, molasses, cane sugar, beets, fruits - Name some food examples of a monosaccharide dietary fiber, vegetables, bread, cereal, pasta, grains, legumes - Name some food examples of a polysaccharide protein - - complex molecules made of 20 amino acids; necessary for nitrogen balance - growth maintenance - repairs body tissues HDL & LDL - What are the two lipoproteins? HDL - type of lipoprotein that scrubs plaque from arterial walls LDL - type of lipoprotein that forms plaque blood plasma & visceral tissue - Where is protein located in the body? false The body does not store protein - True/false: The body stores protein essential aminos - __________ aminos are not made by the body & must be supplemented via food non-essential aminos - __________ aminos are made by the body lipids (fats) - - supply essential nutrients - flavor & satiety, insulation, thermoregulation - essential to cell metabolism - organic substance that is insoluble in water 9 kcal/g - How many calories per gram of fat? true - True/false: Lipids are calorie dense 90% - What percentage of lipids (fats) are located in the subcutaneous tissue? 60 - 70% total body weight - What percentage of your body weight is made of water? vitamins - essential for metabolism & prevent certain deficiency diseases A, D, E, K - What are the fat soluble vitamins? A) stored in the body - Fat-soluble vitamins are: A) stored in the body B) not stored in the body B) not stored in the body - Water-soluble vitamins are: A) stored in the body B) not stored in the body B, C - What are the water-soluble vitamins? Vitamin D - Which vitamin is the body able to make itself? minerals - catalysts for enzymatic reactions; inorganic elements found in nature BMR (basic metabolic rate) - - measure of energy used while at rest in neutral temp environment - Energy needed to keep body functioning; req. for heart, liver, & brain function Nutrient requirements - basic human need; varies per person Nutrition - study of food; essential for growth & dev., tissue repair & maintenance, organ function nutritional history, food preferences, malnutrition, BMI, dysphagia - What data is part of a nutritional assessment? Potassium (K+) - element that controls intracellular fluid, acid-base balance, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, glycogen formation, energy metabolism, & BP regulation muscle weakness, weak pulse, fatigue, ABD distension