2024 HESI RN Fundamentals Study Guide 50 Questions with Answers

Wheezing is often associated with asthma assess breathing patterns and learn about any precipitating factors that caused the onset of the wheezing A male client with limited mobility is discharged with home health services. When the home health nurse arrives, the client asks what he does for the swelling in his leg. Which should the nurse implement? instruct the client to flex both of his feet several times a day A client at an outpatient clinic submits a clean-catch midstream urine specimen for a routine urinalysis. In later review of the client's medical record, which data indicates to the nurse that the specimen collection should be repeated? the urine specimen shows multiple organisms in low colony counts During the admission assessment of a terminally ill male client, the client states that he is an agnostic. What is the best nursing action in response to this statement? document the statement in the client's spiritual assessment The nurse observes a newly admitted older adult female take short stems and walk very slowly while pushing a walker in front of her. What action should the nurse take in response to these observations? complete a full fall risk assessment of the client The nurse notes that a client has cyanosis of the toes and fingertips. Which vital signs should the nurse obtain first? respiratory rate A middle-aged male client tells the nurse that two weeks ago he began exercising four times a week to lose weight and to help him sleep better. He states that it still takes him an hour to fall asleep at night. Which action should the nurse implement? ask the client to describe the exercise schedule that he has been following While suctioning a client's nasopharynx, the nurse observes that the patient's oxygen saturation remains at 94%, which is the same reading obtained prior to starting the procedure. What action should the nurse take in response to this finding? complete the intermittent suction of nasopharynx *suctioning can be continued if the client's oxygen saturation remains above 90% or does not decrease 5% from the initial baseline An older male client returns to the clinic for chronic pain management after taking morphine sulfate (MS Contin) 25 mg every 12 hours. He states he took the medication only when the pain was too severe to sleep. What action should the nurse implement? instruct the client to take the MS Contin every 12 hours as prescribed A female unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is assigned to take the vital signs of a client with pertussis for whom droplet precautions have been implemented. The UAP requests a change in assignment, stating she has not yet been fitted for a particulate filter mask. What action should the nurse take first? instruct the UAP that a standard face mask is sufficient for the provision of care for the assigned client The community health nurse is making a home visit when the client, who is sitting at the kitchen table, begins to have a seizure. What action should the nurse take first? assist the client to the floor A client is in contact isolation due to a stage IV coccyx wound infected with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse plans interventions to prevent multiple re-entries to the client's room. In which order should the nurse perform the interventions? restart the IV, perform tracheostomy care, change the coccyx dressing A client who has been taking diuretics for premenstrual swelling reports muscle weakness. Which serum electrolyte value should the nurse report to the healthcare provider? Potassium 3.1 mEq/L (3.1 mmol/L) A client diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma received a prescription for miotic eye drops, pilocarpine HCl (Pilocarpine). What instructions should the nurse plan to include in the client's teaching? do not allow the dropper bottle to touch the eye Sleeping side lying with hips and knees flexed prevents unnecessary pressure on support muscles, ligaments, and lumbosacral joints and reduces low back pain Obesity a BMI greater than 30 *Hygiene self-care deficit evaluate the client's participation in self-care to optimal level of capacity is the best goal to evaluate progress in recovery The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) describes the appearance of the bowel movement s of several clients. Which descriptions warrant additional follow-up by the nurse? multiple hard pellets, tarry appearance, and brown liquid A client with a gastronomy tube is recovering a continuous feeding, and the nurse suspects that the client has aspirated some of the feeding. What is the action by the nurse? stop the tube feeding and assess the client .The nurse is caring for a male client with diminished circulation in the lower extremities. The client washes his feet in the shower, but is unable to bend safely to dry his feet. While drying the client's feet, the nurse should emphasize the need to thoroughly dry which area of the feet? between the toes When performing blood pressure measurement to assess for orthostatic hypotension, which action should the nurse implement first? position the client supine for a few minutes A client who lives in an assisted living facility develops cognitive impairment following a stroke. Informed consent is needed to provide additional nursing services. Who should the nurse contact? a daughter-in-law designated as the client's Durable Power of Attorney A 24-hour urine specimen is being collected for analysis of creatinine clearance. After explaining the procedure, the client tells the nurse that the first sample is in the urinal. When discarding this specimen, what action should the nurse take? check the sample's pH and specific gravity A client has begun a long-term maintenance therapy with lithium, which has a narrow therapeutic index. Which adverse effect is most important for nurse to include in the teaching plan? toxicity A postoperative client has three different PRN analgesics prescribed for different levels of pain. The nurse inadvertently administers a dose that is not within the prescribed parameters. What action should the nurse take first? assess for side effects/adverse effects of the medication .Which landmarks are useful to the nurse when administering an intramuscular injection in the ventrogluteal site? the greater trochanter and anterior superior iliac spine To assess the quality of an adult client's pain, what approach should the nurse use? ask the client to describe the pain The home health nurse is reviewing the personal care needs of an elderly client who lives alone. Which client assessment findings indicate the need to assign an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to provide routine foot care and file the client's toenails? diminished visual activity syncope (dizziness) when bending hand tremors The nurse measures the client's blood pressure (PB) and notes that it is significantly higher than the previous reading. What should the nurse do next? retake the client's blood pressure in the opposite arm, determine the client's activity and feeling prior to the BP measurement A male Native American presents to the clinic with complaints of frequent abdominal cramping and nausea. He states that he has chronic constipation and had not had a bowel movement in five days, despite trying several home remedies. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? assess for the presence of an impaction