ABCP Board Exam Questions VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATED 2023

ABCP Board Exam Questions VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATED 2023 Metabolic acidosis is characterized by: - ANSWER a fall in the plasma HCO3- concentration and a low pH The patient is a 71 year old male who presents to the OR with a history of congestive heart failure. His history is positive for increasing shortness of breath, 3 pillow orthopnea, lower extremity edema, and dyspnea with mild exertion. Preoperative lab values are as follows (Arterial values): pH: 7.41, pCO2: 60, pO2: 50, HCO3-: 38.1, BE + 12, SaO2: 72%, Hgb/Hct: 7.6/23 Based on the above information, you diagnose: - ANSWER chronic respiratory acidosis with fully compensated metabolic alkalosis and hypoxemia The patient is weaned from CPB and you get the results of the postoperative arterial blood gas. The results are: pH: 7.42, pCO2: 36, pO2: 95, HCO3-: 26, BE: -1, SaO2: 99%, Hgb/Hct: 8.6/26 Based on the above, your diagnosis is: - ANSWER normal ventilatory status and normal arterial blood gas values Laboratory findings in chronic respiratory acidosis includes: - ANSWER elevated PaCO2, elevated plasma HCO3, low or low-normal pH The ascending aortic segment: - ANSWER begins at the aortic valve annulus and ends just proximal to the innominate artery What is the middle layer of an arterial wall made up of? - ANSWER Composed primarily of squamous epithelium, it is the thickest layer and provides compliance of the artery The P wave: - ANSWER When peaked, as in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is known as P pulmonade The ST Segment - ANSWER begins with the J point The intrinsic mechanism of blood coagulation is thought to be initiated by - ANSWER foreign surfaces the aortic valve will close - ANSWER when aortic pressure is greater than left ventricular pressure The gas law that states that the pressure of a gas in a closed container is inversely related to the volume of the container is - ANSWER boyle's law Hypoxia is - ANSWER an inadequate, reduced tension of cellular oxygen Protamine is: - ANSWER a poly cation that binds ionically to heparin to produce a stable precipitate Which antihypertensive drug can cause cyanide toxicity? - ANSWER Nipride Cardiac index is: - ANSWER equal to cardiac output divided by body surface area During pregnancy, the mothers cardiac output increases by - ANSWER 30-50% Which of the following techniques should be avoided if a patient has a history of cold agglutination or if it is suspected? - ANSWER cold blood cardioplegia what issue is at the greatest risk for injury due to cold agglutination on CPB? - ANSWER Myocardium Which of the following lab results is the most important factor when creating a care plan on CPB for a patient with cold agglutin disease? - ANSWER The critical temperature What would not cause cold agglutinins to develop? - ANSWER allergic reaction to platelet inhibitor During bypass for a liver transplant, the patient temperature should be: - ANSWER maintained at normothermia Ideal pump flow during liver transplant surgery should be: - ANSWER ½-2/3 of pre bypass cardiac output The circuit that is most commonly used for liver transplant is - ANSWER Venous Venous Circuit Which of the following vessels are cannulated during liver transplant surgery? - ANSWER Portal vein, inferior vena cava (femoral vein), internal jugular vein Which of the following is least likely to occur during bypass for liver transplant? - ANSWER A decrease in systemic vascular resistance A 45 year old patient with a history of end stage liver disease is being evaluated for liver transplantation. The patient gives a history of 60 pack/year cigarette smoking and a history of consuming at least a 12 pack of Budweiser beer a day for 10 years. Based on the above history, which of the following is true? - ANSWER The patient must prove a history of abstinence from alcohol for at least 6 months Which of the following is not implicated as a cause of end stage renal disease? - ANSWER Acute Hepatitis A Which of the following is used to treat malignant hyperthermia? - ANSWER Dantrolene Besides high temperatures, which is a symptom of malignant hyperthermia? - ANSWER Hypoxia