Sophia - Environmental Science - Final Milestone

Which of the examples below describes an effort to address urban sprawl through urban green space? • A new restaurant is constructed on a lot on the edge of town, bypassing several vacant lots within the city. • The city converts an old factory downtown into affordable housing for young people. • The city razes a former dry cleaners downtown, cleans up the chemicals in the soil and builds a sculpture garden. • A small city maintains a park and forest within its downtown as new businesses build around it. CONCEPT Addressing Urban Sprawl 2 Of the options below, which is an example of a point source of water pollution? • Fertilizers and pesticides from the valley’s farming operations seep into groundwater. • Salt from road de-icing is swept into the city’s storm sewers. • A rainstorm flushes litter and pet waste from surrounding parks into a nearby lake. • A housing development is built over a garbage dump that was buried and abandoned. CONCEPT Water Pollution 3 Choose the statement that is NOT true about conditions within the given biome. • Temperate grasslands are in the wetter areas of the temperate zone. • Tundras are very cold with very little rainfall. • Steppes are cold grasslands with little precipitation. • All deserts have extremely low precipitation levels. CONCEPT Biomes 4 Which of the following is true about the ecological footprints of the U.S. and developing countries? • The U.S. standard of living requires two hectares of land per person, but a developing nation’s standard of living requires 0.2 hectares of land per person. • The U.S. standard of living requires 15 hectares of land per person, but a developing nation’s standard of living requires 10 hectares of land per person. • The U.S. standard of living requires 10 hectares of land per person, but a developing nation’s standard of living requires one hectare of land per person. • The U.S. standard of living requires five hectares of land per person, but a developing nation’s standard of living requires 0.5 hectares of land per person. CONCEPT Human Population Growth 5 The Green Revolution contributed to a population explosion due to research and technology breakthroughs in the mid-1900s. Select one statement that is NOT a result of these breakthroughs. • Fertilizers were chemically produced, which improved food supplies. • Advances were made in sanitation and medicine that improved lives. • All nations became stronger and more self-sufficient as the population increased. • Improvements to agricultural crops increased production worldwide. CONCEPT Human Arrival and Expansion 6 What is one goal of the sustainability movement? • To encourage the use of coal • To manage human population growth • To decrease oxygen in the atmosphere • To promote deforestation practices CONCEPT Sustainability and Solutions 7 The largest source of global greenhouse gas emissions is electricity and heat production, followed by industry. Of the remaining sources listed below, which produces the least amount of greenhouse gases? • Transportation • Agriculture • Water and wastewater • Forestry CONCEPT Causes of Climate Change 8 Choose the example of a producer in the food chain. • A grasshopper that eats grass • Fungi that develop on a fallen log • A gull that eats a grasshopper • Tomatoes that grow in a garden CONCEPT Food Chains and Food Webs Ecosystems Ecology 9 If you look at a graphical representation of at least a 50-year period between 1920 and 2014, you would see __________. • slow and gradual changes in global temperatures, receding groundwater and rising sea levels • increasing global temperatures, melting ice caps and glaciers and rising sea levels • decreasing carbon dioxide, fluctuations in temperatures and dying oceans • melted ice caps and glaciers, changes in the ozone layer and a temperature increase of 2.5 degrees CONCEPT Climate Change 10 Which statement is true about human population growth? • The population was 200 million people for most of history. • In 1800, there were one billion people on Earth. • World population has experienced continuous growth since 8000 BC. • The human population doubled between the years 1900 and 1950. CONCEPT Human Arrival and Expansion 11 Citizens of the United States eat __________ kilograms of meat per person per year. • 76 • 90 • 120 • 44 CONCEPT Agriculture Practices 12 Which statement about the Kyoto Protocol is true? • The agreement set goals for emission reductions by 2012. • Since signing, global greenhouse gas emissions have decreased by 14% • Each participating country has the same emission reduction target. • The United States signed the agreement in 1997. CONCEPT Efforts to Address Climate Change 13 Match the graph image with its corresponding type and common use. • Pictograph, in which data is depicted by using images to represent values • Histogram, in which data is depicted by using horizontal or vertical bars • Line graph, in which data is depicted by using a line connecting data points