Advanced Patho Exam – Questions With Solutions
What is the cellular function of metabolic absorption? ✔️Ans - Cells can
take in and use nutrients.
Where is most of a cell's genetic information contained? ✔️Ans -
Nucleolus
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction? ✔️Ans - Peroxisomes
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury? ✔️Ans - Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
✔️Ans - Increased retention of water
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized? ✔️Ans - S
(S=Synthesis)
What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes
by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to
drive active pumps? ✔️Ans - Proteins
Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in
designing drug therapy for which human diseases? ✔️Ans - Autoimmune
and malignant disorders
Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells
across the plasma membrane? ✔️Ans - Lipid bilayer
What is the absolute refractory period of the action potential? ✔️Ans - No
stimulus is able to evoke another response at this time
Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell
itself and with other cells in direct physical contact? ✔️Ans - Plasma
membrane-bound signaling molecules
, Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication
to cells some distance away? ✔️Ans - Hormonal
Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are
quickly taken up, destroyed or immobilized? ✔️Ans - Paracrine
Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to which
structure? ✔️Ans - Receptors
How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid
surrounding them? ✔️Ans - Chemical messengers such as ligands
Which molecule provides the second messenger necessary for extracellular
communication to be activated? ✔️Ans - Adenosine monophosphate
(AMP)
Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell?
✔️Ans - Glycolysis
What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates,
proteins, and lipids is transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? ✔️Ans
- Oxidative phosphorylation
What describes passive transport? ✔️Ans - Being driven by osmosis,
hydrostatic pressure, and diffusion
What is the best example of active transport? ✔️Ans - Movement
requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy
Which method of transport uses transmembrane proteins with receptors
with a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported?
✔️Ans - Mediated
The movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into
the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary is an example of which fluid
movement process? ✔️Ans - Hydrostatic pressure
What is the cellular function of metabolic absorption? ✔️Ans - Cells can
take in and use nutrients.
Where is most of a cell's genetic information contained? ✔️Ans -
Nucleolus
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction? ✔️Ans - Peroxisomes
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury? ✔️Ans - Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
✔️Ans - Increased retention of water
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized? ✔️Ans - S
(S=Synthesis)
What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes
by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to
drive active pumps? ✔️Ans - Proteins
Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in
designing drug therapy for which human diseases? ✔️Ans - Autoimmune
and malignant disorders
Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells
across the plasma membrane? ✔️Ans - Lipid bilayer
What is the absolute refractory period of the action potential? ✔️Ans - No
stimulus is able to evoke another response at this time
Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell
itself and with other cells in direct physical contact? ✔️Ans - Plasma
membrane-bound signaling molecules
, Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication
to cells some distance away? ✔️Ans - Hormonal
Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are
quickly taken up, destroyed or immobilized? ✔️Ans - Paracrine
Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to which
structure? ✔️Ans - Receptors
How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid
surrounding them? ✔️Ans - Chemical messengers such as ligands
Which molecule provides the second messenger necessary for extracellular
communication to be activated? ✔️Ans - Adenosine monophosphate
(AMP)
Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell?
✔️Ans - Glycolysis
What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates,
proteins, and lipids is transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? ✔️Ans
- Oxidative phosphorylation
What describes passive transport? ✔️Ans - Being driven by osmosis,
hydrostatic pressure, and diffusion
What is the best example of active transport? ✔️Ans - Movement
requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy
Which method of transport uses transmembrane proteins with receptors
with a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported?
✔️Ans - Mediated
The movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into
the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary is an example of which fluid
movement process? ✔️Ans - Hydrostatic pressure
