Summary John R. Schemerhorn Management - Chapter 2 - History of management thought

Management Chapter 2 History of management
thought
Classical management approached

1. Scientific management - (factory environment)
Careful selection and training of workers and supervisory support
 Frederick Taylor, used observation to improve productivity of
people at work
 Motion study – science of reducing a job or task to it’s basic
physical motions. By eliminating unnecessary motions
performance can be improved
 Principles of scientific management include;
1. Method “science” created on how to complete a task.
2. Select workers with the right ability for the job
3. Train workers
4. Plan the work support and direction  perform better

2. Administrative principles (office environment)
 Henri Fayol believed that management could be taught
 Scalar chain – communication from top to bottom should be clear
 Unity of command – orders from only one boss
 Unity of direction – one person should be in charge of all activities
(within the department)
 Forefather of contemporary management
Rules/duties of management;
1. Foresight
2. Organization
3. Command
4. Coordination
5. Control

3. Bureaucratic organization (government, simple tasks)
Bureaucracy is a rational and efficient for of organization based on logic
order and authority.
 Max Weber
Characteristics;
1. Division of labor
2. Hierarchy
3. Formal rules & procedures
4. Impersonal (people become trained in only one task)
5. Careers based on merit (how well do you perform)
best for efficiency

Behavioral Management Approaches

1. Organizations as communities (Follett)
Groups and human cooperation:
 Groups allow individuals to combine their talents for a greater
good