NURS 4581 COPD Evolving Case Study Clinical Assignment 2024 With Correct Anwers

NURS 4581 COPD Evolving Case Study Clinical Assignment 2024 With Correct Anwers Briefly define COPD. What pathophysiology is occurring in the lungs of a client with emphysema? - Correct Answers Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of common chronic respiratory disorders, such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and chronic asthma, which are characterized by progressive tissue degeneration and obstruction in the airways of the lungs. Emphysema occurs when the air sacs (alveoli) at the end of the smallest air passages (bronchioles) in the lungs are gradually destroyed, which leads to large, permanently over-inflated alveolar air spaces. What are five signs and symptoms of respiratory distress the nurse may observe in a client with COPD? - Correct Answers Dyspnea on exertion, hyperventilation with prolonged expiratory phase, use of accessory muscles, coughing and expiratory wheezes. respiratory rate greater than client's baseline, dyspnea on exertion or at rest, labored speech, nasal flaring, cyanosis, chest pain, pursed lip breathing Describe the physical appearance characteristics of a client with emphysema. - Correct Answers Patient will have a pink complexion, he will be in a tripod sitting position, hyperinflation leading to a "barrel chest", clubbing of the fingers, diminished breath sounds, and hyperresonance upon percussion. clubbing of fingers, peripheral cyanosis, jugular vein distention, anorexia and weight loss Are Mr. Cohen's oxygen saturation readings normal? Explain your answer. - Correct Answers Mr. Cohen's oxygen saturation readings are normal for a patient with COPD. Patients with COPD do not reveal O2 saturations of 95% or greater. It is normal for Mr. Cohen's O2 sat to be between 90-94% on oxygen. He has dyspnea on exertion, which is why his O2 saturation drops when he walks to the nurse's station (and returning to the room) and it increases once he is at rest. It is also normal for it to rise after a nebulizer treatment because it opens up the airways. Explain the effects that acute pain can have on an individual's respiratory pattern and cardiovascular system. - Correct Answers Acute pain can cause an individual's respiratory rate and blood pressure to increase because of the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. It also causes the heart rate to increase. The SNS causes blood vessels to constrict, thus raising the blood pressure. List five nonpharmacologic interventions that the nurse could implement to help decrease Mr. Cohen's difficulty breathing. - Correct Answers Assist patient into the tripod position Relaxation techniques to decrease the work of breathing