Computer Organization (COSC 2325) Questions and Answers 100% correct

Computer Organization (COSC 2325) Questions and Answers 100% correct The arbiter... selects which device is allowed to use the bus The Clock is the computer's... heart Which are Computer Technologies? -Semiconductor technology -Peripherals -Magnetic materials -Application -Optical technology -Busses What is Cache memory? high speed memory that frequently holds used data, so that it can be accessed quickly What is RAM? A type of memory where each word can be accessed directly at any time without regard for the sequence What is stated in the Moore's law? The number of components doubles every 2 years The CPU word size would be determined by... the Microarchitecture Using RTL, which of these says that the contents in memory location 7, goes into memory location 13? [13] <- [7] Why is the Instruction Set Architecture rarely changed? to maintain backward compatibility Who was the first programmer who wrote programs with notes for the conceptualized analytical engine which wasn't actually built. Ada King (Lovelace) The CPU is the computer's... brain Who developed the first Turing machine drawing large from notes on the analytical engine Alan Turing What type of computer is an ARM? Register-to-Register What is the Microarchitecture of the computer? It is the architecture of the internal design of the computer Which are factors affecting the computer designer? -Technology -Architecture -Organization -Applications -System What does the term CISC and RISC mean? Complex Instruction Set Computer and Reduced Instruction Set Computer The computers that had components with moving parts which are controlled electrically are called? Electromechanical The analytical engine was designed by: Charles Babbage According to the book (NOT the video), how long does Moore's Law say it takes the number of components on an integrated circuit to double? 24 months What is Register? a memory element on the CPU chip What is DRAM? Dynamic random access memory Microarchitecture describes... the computer's organization What is the computer that lies at the heart of systems ranging from the personal computer to a cell phone? Von Neumann stored program digital computer How many words does a Register have? 1 Which of these are classes of Computer? -neural -quantum -biochemical -analog What are the two parts of a floating point number? The significand and the exponent A sequential logical element... is a circuit that depends on it's past history as well as it's current inputs What determines what a group of bits in a computer means? The architecture of the microprocessor Assuming 1=true and 0=false; NOT ((1 AND 0) OR 1) is... False Two's complement require separate adders and subtractors False In regard to floating point numbers, what is the "significand"? The part of a number consisting of its significant digits What is the maximum value of an unsigned 8-bit number? 255 In 64-bit arithmetic; if n=5, then 2^8 - 5 is the... two's compliment value for n Sign and Magnitude, two's compliment, and biased representation are all ways of dealing with... signed numbers A(n) __________ is the basic unit of information operated on by a computer. word There are 5 parts to computers. The processor is made up of 2 parts. Which ones? Control and ALU Sign and Magnitude signed numbers require seperate adders and subtractors True What is NaN? Not a number A combinational logical element... is a circuit whose output depend only on it's input What does the acronym bit stand for? Binary Digit The __________ of a number is difference between it's representation and it's actual value. accuracy How many states can 7 bits represent? 128 ( XOR ) is... Digital computers store their memory in groups called... words A word with n bits can represent how many possible values? 2^n What is the "old school" name for the "significand"? mantissa What did some computers in the 1970s use instead of retgisters? A group of memory locations When does "Stack Allocation" make all bindings? at compile time Which is true? Becuase the stack grows towards the low end of memory, the stack pointer is documented to create a stack frame Sometimes registers have to hold data shorter than their actual lengths. So, what happens to the extra bits? -Some processors extend the bits to the full length of the word -Some processors leave the unused bits unchanged -Some processors set the unused bits to 0 In the Register Indirect, or pointer based, or indexed addressing mode... A register contains the address of the operand Storage must be allocated at runtime because... the amount of storage required changes as the program is executed What is R-13 reserved to use for? A stack pointer In the Literal, or immediate, addressing mode... The Actual value is part of the instruction Given that registers do not do any computing, or logic operations, why are they necessary? To achieve higher performance levels In general, operations on the stack frame are balanced; that means... if you put something on the stack frame you have to remove it When it comes down to the ISA, what is conceptually the most useless part of the computer? The register The main importance of ARM micro-processors is providing operation with __________ Low cost and low power consumption Exceptions are raised in response to internal hardware or software errors or by... peripherals seeking attention Which is true? The stack pointer always points to the top of the stack, the frame pointer points to the base of the current stack frame, the stack pointer may change during the execution of the current procedure, but the frame pointer will not change When you pass by value you need to be careful not to unintentionally change the value of the variable. False What is probably the most fundamentally important data structure in computer science? The Stack What is the command to put the value at memory location 1234 into register 1? LDR r1, 1234 What are the three elements of an ISA? -register set -instruction formats -addressing modes How do you designate a literal value? with a # The exception handler is... usually part of the operating system In the Direct, or absolute, addressing mode... the instruction provides the memore address of the operand ARM processors where basically designed for __________ Mobile system In computer science, what does ARM stand for? Advanced RISC Machine How is most assembly language created? By a compiler translating code from a high level language What does the ISA (Instruction Set Architecture) reveal? The computer's functionality The element that connects 2 or more functional part of the computer and allows for the exchange of data, for example the CPU and graphics card is called? Bus Exceptions are raised in response to internal hardware or software errors or by... peripherals seeking attention What is the value for this gate? 1 What is the resulting value? 0 What is this gate called? Nor Gate Why is Moore's Law likely to stop being applicable soon... Because we have reach the point where we pushing the laws of physics. We need __________ to measure performance? numbers