LATEST ADULT III EXAM FOUR WITH LATEST VERSION OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023/2024

The endocrine system allows the body system to communicate through the secretion and circulation ofhormones. Hormones control: ▪ Metabolism, adaption, reproduction, G&D, F/E balance, transport of substances across cell membranes (glucoseneeds insulin to cross the cell membrane). Hormones either stimulate or inhibit ▪ Can also be organ specific or generalized Production of hormones is maintained in 2 ways: ▪ Positive feedback (ex. Menstrual cycle) Rising levels of hormone cause another gland to releasea hormone that is stimulating to the first Requires mechanism of shutting off release of initialhormone This system prevents overproduction of hormones ▪ Negative feedback (Ex. Thermostat in house) Hormone release is inhibited when circulating level of ahormone is high or hormone release is stimulated by a low circulating level of hormone • When the level gets to where it needs to be it shuts off How aging effects the endocrine system ▪ Organ sensitivity to hormones decreases Takes more hormones for response ▪ Organ may shrink in size causing decreased hormonereceptor binding due to less receptor sites ▪ Hormone production decreases (thyroid, cortisol,aldosterone) Endocrine dysfunction major categories ▪ Decreased hormone function from gland destruction(primary problem {problem with the gland itself}) ▪ Excess hormone productio