Transcription + Translation Post Test With Correct Solutions 100%.

Transcription Answer - Ultimately produces messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. Throughout it, the sequence of nucleotides in the gene in the DNA is copied into the corresponding sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA What are the base pairing rules (transcription) Answer - G in DNA→ C in RNA T in DNA → A in RNA A in DNA → U in RNA Define base pairing rules Answer - summarize which pairs of nucleotides are complementary (have matching shape + charge distribution), very similar to the base pairing rules in the DNA double helix, ensuring that the message from the nucleotide sequence in the gene in the DNA is copied into a corresponding nucleotide sequence in the mRNA molecule. Procedure of Transcription Answer - 1. RNA polymerase (enzyme) separates two strands of DNA 2. The polymerase adds RNA nucleotides one at a time which are matched to the DNA according to the rules of base pairing (making an RNA molecule) 3. Each RNA nucleotide is joined to the previous nucleotide by a covalent bond How does a gene direct the synthesis of a protein? Answer - How do differences in a gene result in normal skin + hair color vs. albinism? Answer - Differences in the sequence of nucleic acids in the gene result in differences in the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA which result in differences in the sequence of amino acids in the protein which result in normal vs. defective enzymes to make pigment in skin and hair which results in normal skin and hair color vs. albinism. The directions are to model how a cell carries out transcription and translation to make the beginning of the hemoglobin molecule. What type of molecule is a hemoglobin? Answer - It must be a protein, because the steps to make it involve transcription and translation.