ATI MED SURG TERMS FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SCORED A+

ATI MED SURG TERMS FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SCORED A+ ATI MED SURG TERMS FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SCORED A+) Medical Surgical ATI final review Terms in this set (197) The term used for before surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term? Peroperative Educator, advocate and health promotion. What is the term used during surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term Intraoperative Safety and advocacy. What is the term used after surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term? Postoperative On going evaluation and stabilization of clients, prevention of post-op complications. Purpose of surgery: give examples 1. Diagnostic: 2. Curative: 3. Restorative: 4. Palliative : 5. Cosmetic surgery: Purpose of surgery: 1. Diagnostic: exploratory laparotomy. 2. Curative: fibroid tumors-hysterectomy. 3. Restorative: hip replacement. 4. Palliative surgery makes the client more comfortable. Does not cure, ex. suprapubic catheter. 5. Cosmetic surgery reconstructs the skin and underlying structures, ex. scar revision. Who is responsible for obtaining a signed consent before sedation is given and surgery is performed? The surgeon What is the nurses role when a consent is being signed? witness client signature. (pg. 642) The nurse is responsible for making sure pt is NPO b/f surgery, what happens if pt eats? Surgery get CX and by eating increases the risk for pt to have aspiration. How many hours does a pt have to be NPO b/f surgery? Usually after midnight for 6-8 hours. Why are bowel or intestinal preparation performed b/f surgery? to prevent injury to the colon and to reduce the number of intestinal bacteria. An enema or laxative may be ordered by the physician. Do we shave the patient b/f surgery? It is viewed as controversial and an increase risk to infection Name things that you would teach the pt for postoperative. -Breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, coughing and splinting, leg procedures and exercises, antiembolism stockings, and elastic wraps, early ambulation, and range of motion exercises. Upgrade to remove ads Only $3.99/month Name 5 things the nur se woul d do for anxiety pr evention b /f surger y? 1. Preoper ative tea ching. 2. Encour aging communica tion. 3. Promoting r est. 4. Using distraction. 5. Tea ching family and significant other s. If some one has come bk from surgery and had anesthesia what are the two high risk patients the nurse should really look out for? -Those with liver and kidney disease. Induced state of partial or total loss of sensation, occurring with or without loss of consciousness. Used to block nerve impulse transmission, suppress reflexes, promote muscle relaxation, and in some instances achieve a controlled level of unconsciousness. Anesthesia -Reversible loss of consciousness. -State can be achieved by a single agent or a combination of agents. -CNS is depressed resulting in analgesia, amnesia and unconsciousness with loss of muscle tone and reflexes. -With this the nurse needs to consider emotional/psychological effects which include the fear of being put to sleep. General Anesthesia Name the two types of General anesthesia and info about them. 1. Inhalation-Intake and excretion of anesthetic gas or vapor to the lungs through a mask. 2. Intravenous Injection- injected through an IV line disposed in the blood. How long does recovery take when given general anesthesia? Recovery depends on type of agent, length of time client is anesthetized and if a reversal agent is used. What are possible responses to general anesthesia? Retching, vomiting, restlessness and changes in the ability to control body temperature. What are some interventions we might use when some one went through general anesthesia? Suction equipment, warmth and O2. ***************test question******************* What is the biggest complication from general anesthesia? Malignant hyperthermia *************test question******************** This is the biggest complication from general anesthesia. Malignant hyperthermia Name 5 complications of General anesthesia. 1. Malignant hyperthermia 2. Overdose 3. Complications of specific anesthetic agents. 4. Unrecognized hypoventilation. 5. Complications of intubation. Upgrade to remove ads Only $3.99/month This is caused by a local or regional anes thesia: Secondar y to the int erruption of the sensor y ner ve impul se transmission from a specific bo dy area or region. Insensibil ity Name 4 things that local or regional anesthesia does to the body. 1. Insensibility 2. Motor function may be affected. 3. Client remains conscious and able to follow instructions. 4. Gag and cough reflexes remain intact. Condition that is marked by a rapid rise in body temperature, increase in serum calcium and potassium, signs of increased muscle metabolism (muscle proteins detected in the urine) and rigidity. Can be lifethreatening. Malignant Hyperthermia What type of agents are used on the pt before the have a local or regional anesthesia? Sedatives, opioid analgesics, or hypnotics. When the is an over dose of local or regional anesthesia what are the signs to look for? respiratory depression and sedation Name 4 complications of local or regional anesthesia. 1. Anaphylaxis 2. Incorrect delivery technique 3. Systemic absorption 4. Overdosage What S&S should the nurse look for with complications of local or regional anesthesia. Assess for CNS stimulation, CNSand cardiac depression, metallic taste, nausea and vomiting, tremors, seizures, increased pulse, respirations, and bp. Medical Surgical ATI final review What are the treatments for complications of local or regional anesthesia? 1. **Establish an open airway.************ 2. Give O2. 3. Notify the surgeon. 4. Fast-Acting barbiturate is usual treatment. If toxic rx is untreated, unconsciousness, hypotension, apnea, cardiac arrest, and death may result. IV delivery of sedative, hypnotic, and opioid drugs reduces the level of consciousness but allows the client to maintain a patent airway and to respond to verbal commands. Conscious Sedation When pt is in a conscious sedation what is the nurses role? Assessment of airway, level of consciousness, oxygen saturation, electrocardiographic status, and vital signs are monitored every 15-30 minutes. Upgrade to remove ads Only $3.99/month Name 3 interventions for risk for perioperative positioning injuries. 1. Proper body position 2. Risk for pressure ulcer formation 3. Prevention of obstruction of circulation, respieation, and nerve conduction. During what operative state are Postoperative our assessment skills crucial? Medical Surgical ATI final review What is the recovery room AKA? PACU Ongoing evaluation and stabilization of clients to anticipate, prevent and treat complications after surgery. Usually located close to the surgical suite. Recovery room AKA PACU. What kind of nurse is skilled in the care of clients with multiple medical and surgical problems that can occur following a surgical procedure. A PACU nurse AKA recovery room nurse. After a patient has had what done should you assess for: -motor and sensory assessment. After an epidural or spinal anesthesia. What is an example of a command you would ask a patient to assess for motor fx? Simple commands, ask pt to move extremities. While pt is going through the return of the sympathetic nervous system tone what position should they be in and what should you assess for? Gradually elevate head and monitor for hypotension. Medical Surgical ATI final review The effects of drugs, anesthetic agents, or manipulation during surgery can cause urine what? Retention How should a nurse assess for urine retention? Look for bladder distention. What are other sources of output other than urine? sweat, vomiting, or diarrhea Post surgery at what level should we report urine out put? <30 mL/hr What is a common GI problem post surgery? Nausea and vomiting 1. Why is peristalsis delayed post surgery? 2. Pt's who have abdominal surgery often have decreased peristalsis for at least how long? 24 hours How often should the nurse assess drained material from a Every 8 hours nasogastric tube? Medical Surgical ATI final re view Can you irrigate a nasogastric tube after gastric surgery with out an order? No, you need an order from the surgeon Ineffective wound healing can be seen how soon after surgery? Between the 5th-10th day. A partial or complete separation of the outer wound layers, sometimes described as a splitting open of the wound. Wound heals from the bottom up. Dehiscence When a wound heals from the bottom up it is know as what intention? Secondary A total separation of all wound layers and protrusion of internal organs through the open wound requires surgical intervention. Evisceration Upgrade to remove ads Only $3.99/month What type of pt's are at a Mehigherdic riskal Sur for egicvisceral Aation?TI final re Obese people vie