Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review

Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin therapy? - ANSWER To inhibit the development of tolerance What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate? - ANSWER Hyperthroidism What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH level with? - ANSWER Propanolol (Inderal) Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)? - ANSWER Aldosterone antagonist Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what? - ANSWER Upregulating the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules, antithrombin III What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is administered during an anaphylactic reaction. - ANSWER Mast cells liberate large doses of histamine. What are two systemic psoriasis medications? - ANSWER Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated stage I hypertension? - ANSWER Thiazide diuretics What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? - ANSWER Digitalis glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells. Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication? - ANSWER Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available beta-receptor sites? - ANSWER Atenolol (Tenormin) What type of action does nitrates have on the body? - ANSWER Reduction in systemic venous tone.