, Cherry: Contemporary Nursing, 4th Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 1: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Clara Barton is known for
A. becoming the first African-American public health nurse.
B. establishing the Henry Street Settlement.
C. founding the American Red Cross.
D. publicizing the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools.
ANS: C
(C) is correct because the American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted
in efforts to continue public health nursing. (A) is incorrect because Jessie Sleet Scales
was the first African-American public health nurse. (B) is incorrect because Lillian Wald,
a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and establishment
of the Henry Street Settlement. (D) is incorrect because The Goldmark Report criticized
the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools and recommended enhanced
educational standards.
DIF: Knowledge REF: Page 16
2. Which bill provided for construction of hospitals?
A. Social Security Act
B. Hill-Burton Act
C. Sheppard-Towner Act
D. U.S. Civil Service Act
ANS: B
(B) is correct because the purpose of the Hill-Burton Act was to provide funding to
construct hospitals and to assist states in planning for other health care facilities in
accordance with the needs of communities. (A) is incorrect because the main purposes of
the 1935 Social Security Act were to provide (1) a national insurance system for the
elderly; (2) monies to states for maternal and child welfare services; (3) vocational
rehabilitation services for the physically and mentally challenged; (4) medical care for
crippled children and blind people; (5) a plan to boost public health services; and (6) a
federal/state unemployment system. (C) is incorrect because the Sheppard-Towner Act
provided federal aid for maternal and child health care. (D) is incorrect because the U.S.
Civil Service Act is landmark U.S. legislation establishing the tradition and mechanism of
permanent federal employment based on merit rather than on political party affiliation
(the spoils system).
DIF: Knowledge REF: Page 18
Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-2
3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to
A. Mary Breckenridge.
B. Mary Seacole.
C. Clara Barton.
D. Lillian Wald.
ANS: D
(D) is correct because Lillian Wald was a pioneer in public health nursing who is best
known for the development and establishment of the Henry Street Settlement. (A) is
incorrect because Mary Breckenridge of Kentucky established the Frontier Nursing
Service in 1925. (B) is incorrect because Mary Seacole was a black nurse who provided
care during the Crimean War. (C) is incorrect because Clara Barton founded the American
Red Cross in 1882.
DIF: Knowledge REF: Page 15
4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing
pioneer?
A. Lillian Wald
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Clara Barton
D. Mary Seacole
ANS: A
(A) is correct because Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational
health. (B) is incorrect because Florence Nightingale is best known for contributions
made during the Crimean War, efforts to improve sanitation and public health, use of
statistics to provide support for health outcomes, and organization of nurse training. (C) is
incorrect because Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross. (D) is incorrect because
Mary Seacole was a black nurse who served during the Crimean War.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 14
5. What historical event first led to the realization of the contribution of African-Americans
to nursing?
A. Florence Nightingale’s acceptance of African-American nurses into the first
nursing school
B. The contributions of African-American nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the
first hospital in America
C. Mary Seacole’s efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War
D. The wives of wealthy African-American nobles who carried food and medicine
from house to house during the Middle Ages
ANS: C
Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-3
(C) is correct because although Nightingale’s school refused Seacole, she was able to
make a difference in the Crimean War and later was recognized for her efforts. (A) is
incorrect because Florence Nightingale’s efforts during the Crimean War were valuable
and recognized, but she would not allow Seacole to join her in her efforts. (B) is incorrect
because Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital in America and was founded in
1751, but Seacole’s efforts in the Crimean War did not occur until 100 years later. (D) is
incorrect because the wives of noblemen who carried food and medicine were not
uniquely African-Americans.
DIF: Application REF: Page 12
6. World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by
A. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of public
health services.
B. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers
through the Red Cross.
C. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists.
D. increasing the number of community health nurses.
ANS: C
(C) is correct because World War I offered nurses a chance to enter into new fields of
specialization, as is seen in the example of nurse anesthetists who became part of surgical
teams at the front lines. (A) is incorrect because advancements in public health were
being made and the primary site for medical care was moved from the home to the
hospital. (B) is incorrect because the Red Cross provided care to communities in which
access was limited and eventually moved to urban areas. (D) is incorrect because many
nurses were needed in the war effort, which caused the growth in community health
nursing to halt.
DIF: Application REF: Page 15
7. The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to
A. increase research that focused on minority groups.
B. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
C. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
D. decrease the public’s financial burden by limiting services offered by local health
departments.
ANS: C
Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Test Bank
Chapter 1: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Clara Barton is known for
A. becoming the first African-American public health nurse.
B. establishing the Henry Street Settlement.
C. founding the American Red Cross.
D. publicizing the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools.
ANS: C
(C) is correct because the American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted
in efforts to continue public health nursing. (A) is incorrect because Jessie Sleet Scales
was the first African-American public health nurse. (B) is incorrect because Lillian Wald,
a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and establishment
of the Henry Street Settlement. (D) is incorrect because The Goldmark Report criticized
the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools and recommended enhanced
educational standards.
DIF: Knowledge REF: Page 16
2. Which bill provided for construction of hospitals?
A. Social Security Act
B. Hill-Burton Act
C. Sheppard-Towner Act
D. U.S. Civil Service Act
ANS: B
(B) is correct because the purpose of the Hill-Burton Act was to provide funding to
construct hospitals and to assist states in planning for other health care facilities in
accordance with the needs of communities. (A) is incorrect because the main purposes of
the 1935 Social Security Act were to provide (1) a national insurance system for the
elderly; (2) monies to states for maternal and child welfare services; (3) vocational
rehabilitation services for the physically and mentally challenged; (4) medical care for
crippled children and blind people; (5) a plan to boost public health services; and (6) a
federal/state unemployment system. (C) is incorrect because the Sheppard-Towner Act
provided federal aid for maternal and child health care. (D) is incorrect because the U.S.
Civil Service Act is landmark U.S. legislation establishing the tradition and mechanism of
permanent federal employment based on merit rather than on political party affiliation
(the spoils system).
DIF: Knowledge REF: Page 18
Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-2
3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to
A. Mary Breckenridge.
B. Mary Seacole.
C. Clara Barton.
D. Lillian Wald.
ANS: D
(D) is correct because Lillian Wald was a pioneer in public health nursing who is best
known for the development and establishment of the Henry Street Settlement. (A) is
incorrect because Mary Breckenridge of Kentucky established the Frontier Nursing
Service in 1925. (B) is incorrect because Mary Seacole was a black nurse who provided
care during the Crimean War. (C) is incorrect because Clara Barton founded the American
Red Cross in 1882.
DIF: Knowledge REF: Page 15
4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing
pioneer?
A. Lillian Wald
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Clara Barton
D. Mary Seacole
ANS: A
(A) is correct because Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational
health. (B) is incorrect because Florence Nightingale is best known for contributions
made during the Crimean War, efforts to improve sanitation and public health, use of
statistics to provide support for health outcomes, and organization of nurse training. (C) is
incorrect because Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross. (D) is incorrect because
Mary Seacole was a black nurse who served during the Crimean War.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 14
5. What historical event first led to the realization of the contribution of African-Americans
to nursing?
A. Florence Nightingale’s acceptance of African-American nurses into the first
nursing school
B. The contributions of African-American nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the
first hospital in America
C. Mary Seacole’s efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War
D. The wives of wealthy African-American nobles who carried food and medicine
from house to house during the Middle Ages
ANS: C
Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-3
(C) is correct because although Nightingale’s school refused Seacole, she was able to
make a difference in the Crimean War and later was recognized for her efforts. (A) is
incorrect because Florence Nightingale’s efforts during the Crimean War were valuable
and recognized, but she would not allow Seacole to join her in her efforts. (B) is incorrect
because Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital in America and was founded in
1751, but Seacole’s efforts in the Crimean War did not occur until 100 years later. (D) is
incorrect because the wives of noblemen who carried food and medicine were not
uniquely African-Americans.
DIF: Application REF: Page 12
6. World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by
A. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of public
health services.
B. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers
through the Red Cross.
C. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists.
D. increasing the number of community health nurses.
ANS: C
(C) is correct because World War I offered nurses a chance to enter into new fields of
specialization, as is seen in the example of nurse anesthetists who became part of surgical
teams at the front lines. (A) is incorrect because advancements in public health were
being made and the primary site for medical care was moved from the home to the
hospital. (B) is incorrect because the Red Cross provided care to communities in which
access was limited and eventually moved to urban areas. (D) is incorrect because many
nurses were needed in the war effort, which caused the growth in community health
nursing to halt.
DIF: Application REF: Page 15
7. The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to
A. increase research that focused on minority groups.
B. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
C. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
D. decrease the public’s financial burden by limiting services offered by local health
departments.
ANS: C
Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
