MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge? A. All living things are made of cells. B. All cells come from other preexisting cells. C. Cells form through spontaneous generation. D. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. C Which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory? A. X-rays B. computers C. the light microscope D. the scanning electron microscope C A plant and an animal are both living things. According to the Cell Theory, what can you conclude about these two very different organisms? A. Plants have cells but animals do not. B. They are both made of one or more cells. C. They both come from the same kind of cell. D. They both come from a non-living organism. B The combined observations of Mattias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolph Virchow resulted in the formation of the cell theory. Which of the following is not part of the cell theory? A. All cells contain a nucleus. B. All cells come from other living cells. C. All living organisms are made of one or more cells. D. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things A There are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. lysosome B. mitochondrion C. nucleus D. ribosome D Look at the cross section of a cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell. H+ ions are being pumped from a low concentration to a high concentration. Which of the following best describes the type of transport across the cell membrane? A. active transport B. passive transport C. facilitated diffusion D. co-transport A Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus? A. bacteria B. plants only C. animals only D. both plant and animal cells D Which characteristic do most plants have in common? A. they are unicellular B. they are prokaryotic C. they produce seeds D. they are autotrophic D Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function? A. ribosome - protein synthesis B. mitochondrion - movement C. vacuole - cell division D. nucleus - storage of nutrients A - A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred? A. The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution. B. The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums. C. The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient. D. The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution. D - Joy took the notes shown below while learning about cells. Forms boundary between a cell and the outside environment • Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell • Consists of double layer of phospholipids She forgot to write the name of the cell structure that her class was studying that day. What structure is described in her notes? A. endoplasmic reticulum B. cell membrane C. cell wall D. nucleus B - The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. The following particles are moving from high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. How would you describe this type of movement across the membrane? A. simple osmosis B. active transport C. simple diffusion D. facilitated diffusion D The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called: A. perforated B. semi-permeable C. non-conductive D. permeable B Osmosis occurs when there is a different concentration of solute molecules on each side of the membrane. The drawing below shows a beaker containing a 30% salt solution and a suspended cell containing a 10% salt solution. What statement best describes the cell after 20 minutes? A. Water will move from the cell into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell. B. Water will move from the beaker into the cell, resulting in a larger cell. C. Salt will move from the cell into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell. D. Salt will move from the beaker into the cell, resulting in a larger cell. A Muscle cells are responsible for obtaining energy so the body can perform voluntary and involuntary movement. Using you knowledge about organelles and muscles, how would a muscle cell differ from other types of animal cells? A. The muscle cell would have larger centrioles than the other types of animal cells. B. The muscle cell would have more mitochondria than the other types of animal cells. C. The muscle cell would have a larger golgi apparatus than other types of animal cells. D. The muscle cell would have more endoplasmic reticulum than the other types of animal cells. A Cells found in plants and animals have similarities but can differ in function. Consider the following two organisms: a corn plant cell (Zea mays) and a camel cell (Bactrianus ferus). What is the best explanation for the difference in the cellular vacuole size between these two biotic organisms? A. The corn cells' have a small vacuole size because it does not need long term water and electrolyte storage. B. The camel cells' have a small vacuole size because it does not need long term water and electrolyte storage. C. The camel cells' have a small vacuole size because it is not in contact with toxins that need to be removed from the cell. D. The corn cells' have a large vacuole size because it is in contact with many toxins in the soil which need to be removed from the cell. B Cells can be classified into two different categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Which of the following information is needed in order to determine if an organism is prokaryotic? A. The organism's color and mass. B. The organism's internal structures. C. If the organism is unicellular or multicellular. D. The methods the organism uses to feed and move. B A specific type of cell is being studied by a scientist. She notices the cell contains a nucleus, lysosomes, a cell membrane and cell wall. What is the correct classification of this cell? A. A prokaryotic animal cell B. A prokaryotic plant cell C. A eukaryotic animal cell D. A eukaryotic plant cell D Using a microscope in the science lab, Jill observed two unknown cells: Cell 1 and Cell 2. Cell 1 she identified as a plant cell and Cell 2 as an animal cell. Her teacher told her she identified the cells correctly. What did Jill most likely observe to correctly identify the cells? A. Cell 2 had a cell membrane and Cell 1 did not. B. Cell 1 had a cell wall and Cell 2 did not. C. Cell 2 had a chloroplast and Cell 1 did not. D. Cell 1 had a nucleus and Cell 2 did not. B Which of the following contain complex, membrane-bound organelles? 1. bacteria 2. viruses 3. eukaryotic 4. prokaryotic A. 1 and 2 B. 2 and 4 C. 3 only D. 4 only C