ACLS 2023| 23 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

Start CPR, beginning with? Compression rate? Where is hand placement? Compression depth? Chest compression. 100-120 compressions/minute. Mid-nipple line and lower half of breastbone. 2 inches to 2.4 inches depth What to do before approaching a patient? Start CPR after confirming that a patient has what? How long does it take to confirm a pulse or no pulse? Which type of sound is not considered a normal breathing pattern? Which type of sound is a sign of cardiac arrest? The scene is safe prior to approaching the patient. No pulse. Minimum of 5, but no more than 10 seconds to confirm pulse or no pulse. Agonal gasoing is not considered a normal breathing pattern. Agonal gasping is a sign of cardiac arrest. chest recoils between compressions allows for what function? Compression interruptions limited to how many seconds? How often to rotate compression and rescue breathing? For the heart to adequately refill between each compressions. Interruptions are Limited to less than 10 seconds. Switch compressors every 2 minutes. For airway maintenance, Which technique is used for suspected trauma versus no suspected trauma? How to ensure adequate breaths? What to do keep the bag mask valve from leaking? What to do if no method of breathing is available? How long should oral suction last? How is do we measure OPA placement? What is used to monitor endotracheal tube placement? ETCO2 reading for high-quality CPR versus inadequate CPR. If no suspected trauma or no neck injury, utilize the head-tilt-chin lift. If suspected trauma or neck injury, utilize the jaw-thrust maneuver. Watch for chest rise with each ventilation. Seal the mouth and nose. If no method for providing breaths is available (bag mask, pocket mask, etc.), then continue Chest Compression only at 100-120 compressions, per minute. Suctioning should only be limited to less than 10 seconds. OPA should be measured from corner of mouth to angle of mandible to ensure proper placement. Continuous waveform capnography PETCO2 measures adequate chest compression. 10-20 mmHg ETCO2 is considered high-quality CPR. Below 10 ETCO2 is inadequate CPR. Compression to ventilation ratio for adults 30 compressions to 2 breaths during single or multiple rescuer CPR. How often to ventilate a patient with or without an advanced airway and for cardiac arrest with an advanced airway? Always look for what to confirm adequate ventilations? Why avoid excessive ventilation during CPR? 1 breath every 6 seconds for respiratory arrest with or without an advanced airway and for cardiac arrest with an advanced airway. Always look for visible rise of chest. Excessive ventilation can lead to decreased blood flow and gastric inflation. When to use defibrillation once it is available? If patient requires electrical shock from defibrillator, what can still be done to minimize interruption? When is it appropriate to stop CPR within a two-minute cycle is appropriate? After AED is in place, we will only use what for two minute pause-pulse check? When the AED prompts to defibrillate, what must be done before pressing the shock button? After defibrillation, what to do next? Immediately. While the defibrillator is charging up a shock. When the AED device is about to deliver an electrical shock. AED is used only after the two minute pause/pulse check. Clear bystanders and healthcare providers before defibrillation. Immediately resume and Start CPR. Adult pads should he used on who? What to do on a chest if adult pads during snow? What to do if patient was submerged in water? What to do if chest is hairy? Adult patients. Clear the snow on chest. Remove patient out of water and wipe the victims chest. Medical razor to shave chest.